Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a characteristic finding in Kawasaki disease?

• A. Strawberry tongue
• B. Polyarthritis
• C. Hematuria
• D. Rashes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A 'strawberry tongue' is a characteristic finding in Kawasaki disease. The presence of a 'strawberry tongue' is a classic sign of Kawasaki disease, along with other features such as conjunctivitis and rash. Choice B, polyarthritis, is not typically seen in Kawasaki disease. Choice C, hematuria, is not a common finding in Kawasaki disease but may be seen in other conditions. Choice D, rashes, are present in Kawasaki disease but are not as specific or characteristic as the 'strawberry tongue'. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

2. Which nonpharmacologic intervention appears to be effective in decreasing neonatal procedural pain?

• A. Tactile stimulation
• B. Commercial warm packs
• C. Doing procedure during infant sleep
• D. Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking are effective nonpharmacologic interventions for reducing procedural pain in neonates.

3. The nurses caring for a child are concerned about the child’s frequent requests for pain medication. During a team conference, a new nurse suggests they consider administering a placebo instead of the usual pain medication to see how the child responds. The team educates the nurse on why this is not appropriate and bases the decision on what knowledge?

• A. This practice is unjustified and unethical.
• B. This practice is effective in determining whether a child’s pain is real.
• C. The absence of a response to a placebo means the child’s pain has an organic basis.
• D. A positive response to a placebo will not occur if the child’s pain has an organic basis.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The use of placebos without the patient’s consent is unethical and goes against the principles of beneficence and autonomy. Choice B is incorrect because using placebos does not provide reliable information about the presence or severity of the pain; it only indicates the response to the placebo itself. Choice C is wrong as the absence of a response to a placebo does not definitively mean that the child’s pain has an organic basis; there could be various reasons for the lack of response. Choice D is also incorrect as individuals may have a positive response to a placebo even if their pain has a significant organic cause. Therefore, the most appropriate response is A, emphasizing the ethical concerns surrounding the use of placebos without informed consent.

4. The nurse is discussing home care with a mother whose 6-year-old child has hepatitis A. What information should the nurse include?

• A. Advise bed rest until 1 week after the icteric phase.
• B. Teach infection control measures to family members.
• C. Inform the mother that the child cannot return to school until 3 weeks after onset of jaundice.
• D. Reassure the mother that hepatitis A cannot be transmitted to other family members.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Teaching infection control measures is crucial as Hepatitis A is highly contagious, especially in household settings. Proper hand hygiene and avoiding sharing personal items can prevent the spread of the virus within the family. Option A is incorrect because bed rest is not typically required for hepatitis A. Option C is incorrect as the child can return to school once feeling well and no longer contagious, not necessarily after a specific duration. Option D is incorrect because hepatitis A can be transmitted through contaminated food, water, or close personal contact.

5. When assessing a preschooler's chest, what should the nurse expect?

• A. Respiratory movements to be chiefly thoracic
• B. Anteroposterior diameter to be equal to the transverse diameter
• C. Retraction of the muscles between the ribs on respiratory movement
• D. Movement of the chest wall to be symmetric bilaterally and coordinated with breathing

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a preschooler, chest movement should be symmetric and coordinated with breathing, indicating healthy respiratory function.

Similar Questions