Nursing Elites

1. What is the main purpose of a healthcare proxy?

• A. To manage financial affairs
• B. To make medical decisions on behalf of the patient
• C. To provide legal representation
• D. To oversee patient discharge planning

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main purpose of a healthcare proxy is to make medical decisions on behalf of the patient when they are unable to do so. Choice A is incorrect as managing financial affairs is typically handled by a power of attorney for finances. Choice C is incorrect as a healthcare proxy is not meant to provide legal representation. Choice D is incorrect as overseeing patient discharge planning is a responsibility of healthcare providers, not a healthcare proxy.

2. A client is discussing the use of herbal supplements for health promotion with a nurse. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of herbal supplement use?

• A. I can take echinacea to improve my immune system.
• B. I can take feverfew to reduce my level of anxiety.
• C. I can take ginger to improve my memory.
• D. I can take ginkgo biloba to relieve nausea.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Ginkgo biloba is commonly used to improve blood circulation and relieve symptoms of cognitive disorders like dementia. The other choices are incorrect because echinacea is used to boost the immune system, feverfew is used for migraines and headaches, and ginger is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and aiding digestion, not memory improvement.

3. A registered nurse (RN) who usually uses public transportation has not renewed her driver’s license. During a recent car trip with a friend, she took over driving when her friend became tired. Which of the following is true?

• A. She has acted in a professional manner.
• B. She may lose her RN license for driving without a license.
• C. She should renew her driver’s license as soon as possible.
• D. Under the circumstances, she will not be faulted for driving without a license.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Driving without a license is deemed an unprofessional and illegal behavior for which a nurse may lose his or her license.

4. An RN cared for a state senator during the day shift. Later that day he was having dinner with friends when the news mentioned the senator had been hospitalized. The RN’s friends asked if he knew what was wrong with the senator. Which ethical principle should the RN consider when replying?

• A. Fidelity
• B. Confidentiality
• C. Veracity
• D. Accountability

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The RN should consider the ethical principle of confidentiality when replying.

5. A healthcare professional is administering 1 L of 0.9% sodium chloride to a client who is postoperative and has fluid volume deficit. Which of the following changes should the healthcare professional identify as an indication that the treatment was successful?

• A. Increase in hematocrit
• B. Increase in respiratory rate
• C. Decrease in heart rate
• D. Decrease in capillary refill time

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decrease in capillary refill time. In a client with fluid volume deficit, improving capillary refill time indicates that the perfusion status is improving due to the increase in fluid volume. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. An increase in hematocrit may indicate hemoconcentration due to fluid loss, an increase in respiratory rate may suggest respiratory distress, and a decrease in heart rate may not be directly related to fluid volume status.

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