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ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. What is a common side effect that typically occurs with the initial therapy of Nitroglycerine as a result of increased vasodilation?
- A. Abdominal cramps
- B. Calf pain
- C. Headache
- D. Blurred vision
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Headache is a common side effect associated with the initial therapy of Nitroglycerine due to its vasodilatory properties. The vasodilation caused by Nitroglycerine leads to relaxation of blood vessels, including those in the head, which can result in headaches. This side effect is considered normal and is often transient, diminishing with continued use of the medication.
2. What is the primary function of discipline?
- A. To punish
- B. To evaluate
- C. To teach
- D. To ridicule
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The primary function of discipline is to teach individuals appropriate behavior and help them learn from their mistakes. Discipline is meant to guide individuals towards self-improvement and understanding of rules and expectations. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because discipline is not primarily about punishment, evaluation, or ridicule. While consequences may be a part of discipline, the main goal is to educate and promote positive behavior.
3. What is the primary reason for conducting a performance appraisal?
- A. Providing constructive feedback.
- B. Imposing punishment.
- C. Identifying issues.
- D. Offering coaching.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary reason for conducting a performance appraisal is to provide constructive feedback to employees. This feedback helps employees understand what is expected of them, how well they are performing, and areas where they can improve. Choice B (Imposing punishment) is incorrect because performance appraisals should focus on development rather than punishment. Choice C (Identifying issues) is not the primary reason but can be a secondary outcome of performance appraisals. Choice D (Offering coaching) is related to providing guidance and support, which is a part of the feedback process but not the primary reason for conducting a performance appraisal.
4. Which of the following symptoms should a healthcare professional expect to assess in a client diagnosed with major depressive disorder? Select one that does not apply.
- A. Loss of interest or pleasure
- B. Decreased ability to concentrate
- C. Significant weight loss or gain
- D. Increased energy
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Symptoms of major depressive disorder include a loss of interest or pleasure, decreased ability to concentrate, significant weight loss or gain, and feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt. Increased energy is not typically associated with major depressive disorder; instead, fatigue is more common. Clients with major depressive disorder often experience a lack of energy, motivation, or enthusiasm, leading to feelings of lethargy and fatigue. Therefore, increased energy is an atypical symptom in major depressive disorder, making it the correct answer.
5. For minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), prednisone is effective when what occurs?
- A. Appetite increases and blood pressure is normal
- B. Urinary tract infection is gone and edema subsides
- C. Generalized edema subsides and blood pressure is normal
- D. Diuresis occurs as urinary protein excretion diminishes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The effectiveness of prednisone in treating MCNS is indicated by diuresis and a decrease in urinary protein excretion. Subsidence of generalized edema is also a positive sign, but the key indicator is the reduction in proteinuria, which is achieved through diuresis.
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