Nursing Elites

1. What information is correct about stomach cancer?

• A. Stomach pain is often a late symptom.
• B. Surgery is often a successful treatment.
• C. Chemotherapy and radiation are often successful treatments.
• D. The patient can survive for an extended time with TPN.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Stomach pain is often a late symptom of stomach cancer.

2. A client is scheduled for oral cholecystography. Which one of the following actions would the nurse plan to implement before the test?

• A. Have the client drink 1000 mL of water.
• B. Ask the client about possible allergies to iodine or shellfish.
• C. Administer an intravenous contrast agent the evening before the test.
• D. Administer tap-water enemas until clear.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iodine compounds used as radiographic contrast agents, such as iopanoic acid (Telepaque), should not be administered to the client with iodine and seafood allergies because anaphylaxis may occur.

3. The nurse is performing a colostomy irrigation on a client. During the irrigation, a client begins to complain of abdominal cramps. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?

• A. Notify the physician
• B. Increase the height of the irrigation
• C. Stop the irrigation temporarily.
• D. Medicate with dilaudid and resume the irrigation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: If a client experiences abdominal cramps during a colostomy irrigation, it is appropriate to stop the irrigation temporarily to allow the cramps to subside.

4. Which of the following expected outcomes would be appropriate for the client who has ulcerative colitis?

• A. The client maintains a daily record of intake and output.
• B. The client verbalizes the importance of small, frequent feedings.
• C. The client uses a heating pad to decrease abdominal cramping.
• D. The client accepts that a colostomy is inevitable at some time in his life.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Small, frequent feedings are better tolerated by clients with ulcerative colitis as they lessen the amount of fecal material present in the gastrointestinal tract and decrease stimulation. The client does not need to maintain a daily record of intake and output unless an exacerbation of the disease occurs. A heating pad should not be applied to the intestine as it is inflamed. It is not inevitable that the client will require surgery to treat ulcerative colitis.

5. In a client with diarrhea, which outcome indicates that fluid resuscitation is successful?

• A. The client passes formed stools at regular intervals
• B. The client reports a decrease in stool frequency and liquidity
• C. The client exhibits firm skin turgor
• D. The client no longer experiences perianal burning

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Firm skin turgor indicates adequate hydration, which is a key goal of fluid resuscitation. Formed stools, decreased stool frequency, and relief from perianal burning are important but do not directly indicate successful fluid resuscitation.

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