michael a 42 yo man is admitted to the med surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis his bp is 13676 pulse 96 resps 22 and temp 101 his past h

ATI RN

ATI Gastrointestinal System Test

1. Michael, a 42 y.o. man is admitted to the med-surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His BP is 136/76, pulse 96, Resps 22 and temp 101. His past history includes hyperlipidemia and alcohol abuse. The doctor prescribes an NG tube. Before inserting the tube, you explain the purpose to patient. Which of the following is a most accurate explanation?

A. It empties the stomach of fluids and gas.
B. It prevents spasms at the sphincter of Oddi.
C. It prevents air from forming in the small intestine and large intestine.
D. It removes bile from the gallbladder.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Explain to the patient that the NG tube is used to empty the stomach of fluids and gas, which helps relieve symptoms of acute pancreatitis.

2. A patient has an acute upper GI hemorrhage. Your interventions include:

A. Treating hypovolemia.
B. Treating hypervolemia.
C. Controlling the bleeding source.
D. Treating shock and diagnosing the bleeding source.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For a patient with an acute upper GI hemorrhage, your interventions include treating shock and diagnosing the bleeding source.

3. A nurse is assigned to a 40-year-old client who has a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. The nurse reviews the laboratory result, anticipating a laboratory report that indicates a serum amylase level of

A. 45 units/L
B. 100 units/L
C. 300 units/L
D. 500 units/L

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The normal serum amylase level is 25 to 151 IU/L. With chronic cases of pancreatitis, the rise in serum amylase levels usually does not exceed three times the normal value. In acute pancreatitis, the value may exceed five times the normal value. Options 1 and 2 are within normal limits. Option 3 is an extremely elevated level seen in acute pancreatitis.

4. Hepatic encephalopathy develops when the blood level of which substance increases?

A. Ammonia
B. Amylase
C. Calcium
D. Potassium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hepatic encephalopathy develops when the blood level of ammonia increases.

5. The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for the client who had an umbilical hernia repair. Which of the following would the nurse include in the plan?

A. Restricting pain medication
B. Maintaining bedrest
C. Avoiding coughing
D. Irrigating the drain

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Bedrest is not required following this surgical procedure. The client should take analgesics as needed and as prescribed to control pain. A drain is not used in this surgical procedure, although the client may be instructed in simple dressing changes. Coughing is avoided to prevent disruption of the tissue integrity, which can occur because of the location of this surgical procedure.