Nursing Elites

1. What complication of fractures is caused by increased pressure which can result in decreased circulation to the area?

• A. Venous thromboembolism
• B. Acute compartment syndrome
• C. Fat embolism syndrome
• D. Hemorrhage

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acute compartment syndrome is the correct answer. It involves increased pressure within muscles, leading to decreased blood flow and tissue damage. Venous thromboembolism (Choice A) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a vein, usually in the leg. Fat embolism syndrome (Choice C) occurs when fat globules enter the bloodstream and block blood vessels. Hemorrhage (Choice D) refers to bleeding, which can occur with fractures but does not specifically involve increased pressure leading to decreased circulation as in acute compartment syndrome.

2. A nurse is caring for an intubated and sedated geriatric client. What intervention is most appropriate for reducing the risk for a friction and shear injury?

• A. Use a mechanical lift to reposition the client every 2 hours
• B. Elevate the client's head of the bed to 45 degrees
• C. Postpone daily bed bath
• D. Caregiver independently slides the client up in the bed

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

3. The client had surgery one day ago. What assessment is most likely related to pain?

• A. Blood pressure of 175/90 mm Hg
• B. Respirations of 10 breaths per minute
• C. Heart rate 60 beats/minute
• D. Oxygen saturation of 97%

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

4. The nurse Is teaching the client how to administer eye drops. Which of these actions indicates the need for further client education?

• A. The client sets the cap down in a manner that does not contaminate it.
• B. The client drops the prescribed number of drops into the conjunctival sac
• C. The client washes their hands before instilling the drops
• D. The client ensures that they touch the administration dropper to the eye

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Touching the dropper to the eye contaminates it and can lead to infection.

5. The following client come to the ophthalmology clinic. Which client needs to be seen first?

• A. Client who had recent cataract surgery and has worsening vision
• B. Client with an absent red reflex on ophthalmic examination
• C. Client with an intraocular pressure of 24 mm Hg
• D. Client with a tearing, reddened eye with exudate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Worsening vision after cataract surgery requires immediate attention to prevent complications.

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