what clinical manifestations is associated with calcium depletion hypocalcemia

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A

1. What clinical manifestation(s) is associated with calcium depletion (hypocalcemia)?

A. Nausea, vomiting
B. Weakness, fatigue
C. Muscle hypotonicity
D. Neuromuscular irritability

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hypocalcemia can lead to neuromuscular irritability, causing symptoms such as muscle cramps, tetany, or seizures. Other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and weakness are less specific and can be related to various conditions.

2. Which sign is indicative of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants?

A. Ortolani sign
B. Romberg sign
C. Trendelenburg sign
D. Gower's sign

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Ortolani sign is a specific maneuver used during physical examination to detect hip instability or dislocation in infants. A positive Ortolani sign, where the hip is felt to slip back into the socket, is indicative of developmental dysplasia of the hip, a condition that can lead to long-term disability if not treated early. Romberg sign is used to assess sensory ataxia, Trendelenburg sign indicates weakness of the hip abductor muscles, and Gower's sign is seen in children with proximal muscle weakness climbing up their own body from a supine position due to conditions like muscular dystrophy.

3. The parents of an infant with a cleft palate ask the nurse, "What follow-up care will our infant need after the repair?" Which is an accurate response by the nurse?

A. Your infant will not need any subsequent follow-up care
B. Your infant will only need to be evaluated by an audiologist
C. Your infant will only need follow-up with a speech pathologist
D. Your infant will need follow-up with audiologists and orthodontists

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After cleft palate repair, the child will need ongoing follow-up with audiologists, speech pathologists, and orthodontists to monitor hearing, speech development, and dental alignment.

4. The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed, as-needed antiemetic drug for a child diagnosed with cancer. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A. Administering the drug only if the child is nauseated.
B. Administering the drug prophylactically before the next dose of chemotherapy.
C. Administering the drug after the next dose of chemotherapy.
D. Administering the drug only if the child is experiencing diarrhea.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering the antiemetic prophylactically before the next dose of chemotherapy is the most appropriate action. This approach helps prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. Waiting until the child is already nauseated, as stated in option A, is less effective as it is reactive rather than proactive. Administering the drug after chemotherapy, as in option C, may not be as beneficial in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Option D, administering the drug only if the child is experiencing diarrhea, is not relevant to the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea.