ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. What approach is the most appropriate when performing a physical assessment on a toddler?
- A. Demonstrate the use of equipment
- B. Perform traumatic procedures last
- C. Use minimum physical contact initially
- D. Always proceed systematically in a head-to-toe direction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate approach when performing a physical assessment on a toddler is to use minimum physical contact initially. This helps gain the toddler's cooperation and reduces their distress. Performing traumatic procedures last is crucial as they are likely to upset the child and should be handled with care. Demonstrating the use of equipment may be complex for toddlers to understand, so it is not the most appropriate initial approach. Proceeding systematically in a head-to-toe direction is a good practice but using minimum physical contact initially is more important to establish trust and cooperation with the toddler.
2. The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?
- A. 2 to 4 years
- B. 5 to 7 years
- C. 8 to 10 years
- D. 11 to 13 years
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The peak age for the onset of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is typically between 5 and 7 years old. This age group is most affected due to the higher incidence of streptococcal infections in school-aged children, which can lead to this renal complication.
3. What is the required number of milliliters of fluid needed per day for a 14-kg child?
- A. 800
- B. 1000
- C. 1200
- D. 1400
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The fluid requirement for a 14-kg child is approximately 100 mL/kg/day, so for a 14-kg child, the requirement is around 1400 mL/day.
4. The nurse is preparing to feed a 10-month-old child diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). Which actions should the nurse plan to implement?
- A. Be persistent.
- B. Introduce new foods slowly.
- C. All are correct
- D. Maintain a calm, even temperament.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Persistence in feeding, introducing new foods slowly, and maintaining a calm temperament are key strategies in managing FTT. A stimulating atmosphere may overwhelm the child and should be minimized during feeding times.
5. A parent asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis was improving. What would be the nurse's best response?
- A. Blood pressure will stabilize.
- B. Your child will have more energy.
- C. Urine will be free of protein.
- D. Urine output will increase.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Increased urine output is often the first sign that acute glomerulonephritis is improving, as it indicates a reduction in fluid retention and better kidney function. Stabilization of blood pressure and other symptoms typically follow.