ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B
1. One of the major differences in clinical presentation between Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is that UC is more likely to cause which clinical manifestation?
- A. Pain
- B. Rectal bleeding
- C. Perianal lesions
- D. Growth retardation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rectal bleeding is more commonly associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) than with Crohn disease (CD). While both conditions can cause abdominal pain and growth issues, bleeding is a hallmark of UC due to its superficial mucosal inflammation. Perianal lesions are more characteristic of CD, and growth retardation is typically not a direct clinical manifestation of either CD or UC.
2. Which of the following are essential components of strategic planning?
- A. Values
- B. Vision & Mission statements
- C. Reengineering
- D. A & B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In strategic planning, values and vision and mission statements play crucial roles. Values guide the organization's culture and decision-making processes, while vision and mission statements outline its long-term goals and purpose. Reengineering, on the other hand, is a separate process focused on restructuring business processes for improved performance efficiency. Therefore, the correct components of strategic planning are values and vision and mission statements, making option D the correct answer. Choices A and B are correct because they are directly related to setting the direction and purpose of the organization in a strategic planning process, while choice C, reengineering, is not typically considered a core element of strategic planning.
3. Which of the following clients requiring crutches should a nurse teach about how to use a three-point gait?
- A. A client who has a right femur fracture with no weight-bearing on the affected leg
- B. A client who has bilateral leg braces due to paralysis of the lower extremities
- C. A client who has bilateral knee replacements with partial weight-bearing on both legs
- D. A client who is able to bear full weight on both lower extremities
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A three-point gait is recommended for clients who are non-weight bearing on one leg. In this case, a client with a right femur fracture requiring no weight-bearing on the affected leg would benefit from learning how to use a three-point gait. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve clients who have varying degrees of weight-bearing ability on both legs, which would not require the use of a three-point gait.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Check the client's identification bracelet.
- B. Obtain the client's vital signs.
- C. Initiate the transfusion slowly over the first 15 minutes.
- D. Verify the client's blood type and Rh factor.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to verify the client's blood type and Rh factor first before administering blood. This is crucial to ensure compatibility and prevent transfusion reactions. Checking the client's identification bracelet (Choice A) is important but should come after verifying blood type. Obtaining vital signs (Choice B) and initiating the transfusion slowly (Choice C) are important steps but verifying blood type is the priority to ensure safe blood administration.
5. What is the medical term for a persistent, abnormal distortion of taste?
- A. Anosmia
- B. Dysgeusia
- C. Xerostomia
- D. Hypogeusia
Correct answer: B: Dysgeusia
Rationale: The correct answer is Dysgeusia, which is a persistent and abnormal distortion of the sense of taste. This condition can be triggered by various factors such as medications or certain diseases. Anosmia, choice A, refers to the loss of the sense of smell, not taste. Xerostomia, choice C, is the medical term for dry mouth, which is not specifically related to a distortion of taste. Hypogeusia, choice D, refers to a reduced ability to taste things, which is not the same as a distortion of the sense of taste.
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