ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. When should a child receive the first dose of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine if the mother is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative?
- A. 2 months of age, before hospital discharge.
- B. Birth before discharge from the hospital.
- C. 6 months of age, at the third well-child visit.
- D. No time (this vaccine is not currently recommended).
Correct answer: B
Rationale: If the mother is HBsAg negative, it is recommended that the child receives the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine at birth before discharge from the hospital. This is to provide early protection against the hepatitis B virus. The second dose of the vaccine is typically given at the first well-child visit, and the third dose is usually administered at a later date. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics govern the recommendations for immunization, including the hepatitis B virus vaccine. Choice A is incorrect as the first dose should ideally be given at birth. Choice C is incorrect as waiting until 6 months of age may leave the child vulnerable to infection during the early months of life. Choice D is incorrect as the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborns, especially if the mother is HBsAg negative, to prevent transmission of the virus.
2. What is the primary treatment goal for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
- A. Pain management
- B. Cure of the disease
- C. Reduction of joint deformity
- D. Physical therapy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary treatment goal for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis is pain management. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a chronic condition with no known cure, making pain management crucial to improve the quality of life for these children. While reducing joint deformity and physical therapy are important aspects of managing the condition, the primary focus is on alleviating pain and improving function.
3. When doing a nutritional assessment on a Hispanic family, the nurse learns that their diet consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches. The nurse should recognize that this diet is which?
- A. Lacking in protein
- B. Indicating they live in poverty
- C. Providing sufficient amino acids
- D. Needing enrichment with meat and milk
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A diet rich in vegetables, legumes, and starches can provide sufficient amino acids, particularly when complemented with varied food sources to ensure a balanced intake of essential nutrients.
4. The nurse is aware that if patients from different cultures are implied to be inferior, the emotional attitude the nurse is displaying is what?
- A. Acculturation
- B. Ethnocentrism
- C. Cultural shock
- D. Cultural sensitivity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others, which can lead to bias and a lack of cultural competence in healthcare.
5. A 12-month-old infant has been diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). Which assessment findings does the nurse expect to be documented with this infant?
- A. Fear of strangers
- B. Minimal smiling
- C. Avoidance of eye contact
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: These behaviors are consistent with FTT and indicate social withdrawal, which is often observed in infants who are not thriving. A wide-eyed gaze and avoidance of eye contact can also indicate developmental delays or emotional disturbances.