Nursing Elites

1. Type A chronic gastritis can be distinguished from type B by its ability to:

• A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
• B. Affect only the antrum of the stomach.
• C. Thin the lining of the stomach walls.
• D. Decrease gastric secretions.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Type A chronic gastritis can cause atrophy of the parietal cells, which is a distinguishing feature from type B.

2. A nurse is assigned to a 40-year-old client who has a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. The nurse reviews the laboratory result, anticipating a laboratory report that indicates a serum amylase level of

• A. 45 units/L
• B. 100 units/L
• C. 300 units/L
• D. 500 units/L

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The normal serum amylase level is 25 to 151 IU/L. With chronic cases of pancreatitis, the rise in serum amylase levels usually does not exceed three times the normal value. In acute pancreatitis, the value may exceed five times the normal value. Options 1 and 2 are within normal limits. Option 3 is an extremely elevated level seen in acute pancreatitis.

3. A client is admitted to the hospital with acute viral hepatitis. Which of the following signs or symptoms would the nurse expect to note based on this diagnosis?

• A. Spider angiomas
• B. Fatigue
• C. Pale urine
• D. Weight gain

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Common signs of acute viral hepatitis include weight loss, dark urine, and fatigue. The client is anorexic, possibly from a toxin produced by the diseased liver, and finds food distasteful. The urine darkens because of excess bilirubin being excreted by the kidneys. Fatigue occurs during all phases of hepatitis.

4. A client being treated for chronic cholecystitis should be given which of the following instructions?

• A. Increase rest
• B. Avoid antacids
• C. Increase protein in diet
• D. Use anticholinergics as prescribed

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Using anticholinergics as prescribed can help manage the symptoms of chronic cholecystitis.

5. You’re caring for Lewis, a 67 y.o. patient with liver cirrhosis who develops ascites and requires paracentesis. Relief of which symptom indicated that the paracentesis was effective?

• A. Pruritus
• B. Dyspnea
• C. Jaundice
• D. Peripheral Neuropathy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dyspnea relief indicates that the paracentesis was effective in reducing ascites.

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