ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Test
1. Type A chronic gastritis can be distinguished from type B by its ability to:
- A. Cause atrophy of the parietal cells.
- B. Affect only the antrum of the stomach.
- C. Thin the lining of the stomach walls.
- D. Decrease gastric secretions.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Type A chronic gastritis can cause atrophy of the parietal cells, which is a distinguishing feature from type B.
2. The working phase in a therapy group is usually characterized by which of the following?
- A. Caution
- B. Cohesiveness
- C. Confusion
- D. Competition
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
3. A client has a new prescription for Metoprolol to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Stop taking the medication if your heart rate is below 70/min.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Avoid sudden changes in position.
- D. Limit your sodium intake while taking this medication.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking Metoprolol, a medication used to treat hypertension, is to avoid sudden changes in position. Metoprolol can cause orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure when moving from lying down to standing up, leading to dizziness and falls. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent these adverse effects and promotes safety.
4. A client is receiving IV Dopamine for the treatment of shock. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective?
- A. Increased heart rate
- B. Decreased blood pressure
- C. Increased urine output
- D. Decreased respiratory rate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dopamine is a medication used in shock to increase cardiac output and improve renal perfusion. An increase in urine output indicates that the medication is effective as it shows improved renal perfusion and kidney function, which are essential for managing shock effectively. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as an increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and decreased respiratory rate are not direct indicators of the effectiveness of IV Dopamine in treating shock.
5. A nurse is caring for an older adult who has a nonpalpable skin lesion that is less than 0.5cm (0.2in) in diameter. Which term should the nurse use to document this finding?
- A. Papule
- B. Macule
- C. Nodule
- D. Tumor
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Macule. A macule is a flat, nonpalpable skin lesion that is smaller than 1 cm in diameter. In this case, the lesion is less than 0.5cm, fitting the description of a macule. A papule (choice A) is a solid, elevated lesion less than 0.5 cm in diameter. A nodule (choice C) is a solid, elevated lesion that is 0.5 cm or larger in diameter. A tumor (choice D) refers to a mass of abnormal tissue growth, which is not applicable in this scenario.
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