this is a condition where the lungs alveoli are permanently enlarged and damaged leading to shortness of breath
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Physical Exam Cardiovascular System

1. What is a condition where the lung's alveoli are permanently enlarged and damaged, leading to shortness of breath?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Emphysema is the correct answer. It is a chronic lung condition characterized by the permanent enlargement and damage of the alveoli, leading to shortness of breath and impaired oxygen exchange. Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes, not specifically related to alveolar damage. Atelectasis is the collapse of lung tissue, not enlargement. Pulmonary fibrosis involves scarring and thickening of lung tissue, different from the alveolar damage seen in emphysema.

2. This term refers to a change in the inotropic state of the muscle without a change in myocardial fiber length.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contractility. Contractility specifically refers to the change in the force of contraction of the heart muscle without changing its length. In this scenario, the focus is on the change in the inotropic state of the muscle, which directly relates to contractility. Choice B, Excitability, refers to the ability of a cell to respond to a stimulus, not specifically related to changes in contractile force. Choice C, Refractoriness, pertains to the period during which a cell is unresponsive to a new stimulus. Choice D, Automaticity, refers to the ability of cardiac cells to spontaneously generate electrical impulses.

3. What condition involves the heart's electrical system malfunctioning, causing very fast heartbeats originating from the ventricles?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Ventricular tachycardia is the correct answer. It is a condition characterized by the heart's electrical system malfunctioning, leading to very fast heartbeats originating from the ventricles. Ventricular tachycardia can be life-threatening as it may progress to ventricular fibrillation, causing cardiac arrest. Atrial fibrillation (choice B) involves rapid, irregular beating of the atria, not the ventricles. Supraventricular tachycardia (choice C) originates above the ventricles and does not involve ventricular malfunction. Bradycardia (choice D) is the opposite of tachycardia, characterized by an abnormally slow heart rate.

4. Which term refers to a condition where the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is blocked, often referred to as a heart attack?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, myocardial infarction. A myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is blocked, often by a blood clot. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because arrhythmia refers to an irregular heartbeat, stroke involves the interruption of blood flow to the brain, and an aneurysm is a bulge in a blood vessel.

5. What is the term for the ability of cardiac cells to respond to a stimulus by initiating a cardiac impulse?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Excitability. Excitability is the ability of cardiac cells to respond to a stimulus by initiating a cardiac impulse. Choice B, Contractility, refers to the ability of cardiac muscle to shorten forcibly. Choice C, Rhythmicity, refers to the cardiac muscle's ability to contract rhythmically. Choice D, Conductivity, refers to the ability of the heart's cells to conduct electrical impulses.

Similar Questions

What is the primary effect of a calcium channel blocker on the heart?
The nurse is preparing to administer a beta blocker to a client with hypertension. What is the priority assessment?
What procedure involves inserting a needle into the pleural space to remove excess fluid and help the patient breathe more easily?
Which heart chamber receives venous blood returning to the heart via the superior and inferior vena cava?
What is a condition where blood clots form in the deep veins, usually in the legs, and can travel to the lungs, causing serious complications?

Access More Features

ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses