this heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body
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Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers

1. Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the left ventricle. It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the rest of the body through the aorta. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs, the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, and the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

2. What is a surgical procedure to replace a damaged or diseased heart valve with a prosthetic valve?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Valve replacement is the correct answer because it involves replacing a damaged or diseased heart valve with a prosthetic valve. This procedure is essential for improving blood flow and heart function. Angioplasty (choice B) is a procedure to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries. Stent placement (choice C) involves inserting a mesh tube to help support weak arteries. Bypass surgery (choice D) is a procedure to create new routes for blood flow when arteries are blocked.

3. The client on digoxin has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. What is the nurse’s priority action?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to hold the digoxin and notify the healthcare provider. A potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin and low potassium levels can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Administering a potassium supplement (choice A) without healthcare provider guidance can worsen the situation. Continuing the current digoxin dose (choice C) can further increase the risk of toxicity. Administering Digibind (choice D) is used in severe cases of digoxin toxicity, not for addressing low potassium levels.

4. What is a chronic condition where the bronchial tubes in the lungs become inflamed and narrowed, often caused by smoking?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Chronic bronchitis is the correct answer because it is a long-term condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes in the lungs, commonly triggered by smoking. Emphysema involves damage to the air sacs in the lungs, not specifically the bronchial tubes. Asthma is a condition of reversible airway obstruction usually due to allergies or other triggers, not solely smoking. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but is not directly related to inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes.

5. Which of the following is a chronic condition characterized by difficulty breathing due to airflow obstruction, commonly associated with long-term smoking?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a chronic lung condition characterized by persistent airflow obstruction, commonly linked to long-term smoking. Choice B, Asthma, is a chronic condition characterized by reversible airflow obstruction and airway inflammation triggered by various factors like allergens and irritants. Choice C, Pulmonary hypertension, is a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. Choice D, Bronchitis, is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes that may be acute or chronic, but it is not typically associated with long-term smoking like COPD.

Similar Questions

The client on a beta blocker has a blood pressure of 88/58 mm Hg. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Which condition is characterized by the right ventricle of the heart failing due to increased pressure in the lungs, often caused by chronic lung disease?
This is a type of therapy that involves removing fluid from the lungs, typically through the use of diuretics.
Which of the following is a rare but serious condition where the pulmonary arteries become narrowed, increasing the blood pressure in the lungs?
The client is on spironolactone (Aldactone) and has a potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L. What is the nurse’s priority action?

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