ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
1. Which condition is caused by a bacterium that primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body?
- A. Tuberculosis
- B. Pneumonia
- C. Legionnaires' disease
- D. Histoplasmosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but can spread to other organs. Choice B, Pneumonia, is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. Choice C, Legionnaires' disease, is a severe form of pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacteria. Choice D, Histoplasmosis, is a fungal infection caused by inhaling spores of the Histoplasma capsulatum fungus.
2. What is the biopsychosocial model, and why is it important?
- A. A model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors.
- B. A model that focuses solely on biological factors.
- C. A model that excludes social factors.
- D. A model that focuses solely on psychological factors.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The biopsychosocial model is a model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors. It is important because it recognizes the interconnectedness of these factors in influencing an individual's mental health. Option B is incorrect because the biopsychosocial model does not focus solely on biological factors. Option C is incorrect as the model does not exclude social factors. Option D is incorrect as the model does not focus solely on psychological factors.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is at 33 weeks of gestation following an amniocentesis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?
- A. Vomiting.
- B. Hypertension.
- C. Epigastric pain.
- D. Contractions.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Following an amniocentesis at 33 weeks of gestation, the nurse should monitor the client for contractions. Contractions can indicate preterm labor, which requires immediate attention. Vomiting, hypertension, and epigastric pain are not typically associated with amniocentesis complications at this gestational age.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who wears glasses. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Store the glasses in a labeled case.
- B. Clean the glasses with hot water.
- C. Clean the glasses with a paper towel.
- D. Store the glasses on the bedside table.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to store the glasses in a labeled case. This helps prevent damage and loss of the glasses, ensuring they are kept safe when not in use. Cleaning the glasses with hot water (choice B) can damage the lenses or frames, while cleaning with a paper towel (choice C) might lead to scratches. Storing the glasses on the bedside table (choice D) increases the risk of misplacement or damage.
5. When teaching about safety risks for adolescents, what should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Adolescents have a decreased risk of injury
- B. Peer pressure can lead to risky behaviors
- C. Increased responsibility reduces risks
- D. Adolescents are less likely to engage in substance abuse
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Peer pressure can lead to risky behaviors.' Adolescents are at an increased risk for injury due to peer pressure and the tendency to engage in high-risk behaviors. Emphasizing the impact of peer pressure on decision-making can help adolescents make safer choices. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because adolescents actually have an increased risk of injury, increased responsibility does not always reduce risks, and many adolescents are at risk of engaging in substance abuse.
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