ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. The school nurse understands that children are impacted by divorce. Which has the most impact on the positive outcome of a divorce?
- A. Age of the child
- B. Gender of the child
- C. Family characteristics
- D. Ongoing family conflict
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The level of ongoing family conflict is the most significant factor influencing the positive or negative outcomes for children during and after a divorce
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving radiation therapy for cancer of the larynx. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Apply heat to the neck to relieve pain.
- B. Use a soft-bristle toothbrush to prevent gum irritation.
- C. Rinse your mouth with an alcohol-free mouthwash twice daily.
- D. Wear loose-fitting clothing to protect your skin.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to use a soft-bristle toothbrush to prevent gum irritation in clients undergoing radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer. Radiation therapy can cause oral mucositis and increase the risk of gum irritation, so using a soft-bristle toothbrush is recommended to minimize trauma to the gums and oral mucosa. Applying heat to the neck is contraindicated as it can exacerbate tissue damage caused by radiation. Rinsing the mouth with an alcohol-free mouthwash is preferred over an alcohol-based one to prevent drying and irritation of the oral mucosa. Wearing loose-fitting clothing is advised to prevent friction and irritation on the skin, rather than tight-fitting clothing that may cause pressure ulcers or skin breakdown.
3. A nurse is providing teaching about newborn care to a group of parents. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should not bathe your newborn every day.
- B. You should avoid covering your newborn with a heavy blanket during naps.
- C. You should expect your newborn's stools to be soft and yellow.
- D. You should keep your newborn's head elevated while they sleep.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'You should keep your newborn's head elevated while they sleep.' Keeping the newborn's head elevated while sleeping helps prevent conditions like sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Choice A is incorrect because newborns do not need to be bathed every day; it is recommended to bathe them 2-3 times a week. Choice B is incorrect as heavy blankets can increase the risk of suffocation for newborns. Choice C is incorrect as newborn stools are typically soft and yellow in color, not firm and light brown.
4. A client is receiving treatment with capecitabine. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hypocalcemia
- C. Neutropenia
- D. Bradycardia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Capecitabine is known to cause neutropenia as a common adverse effect due to bone marrow suppression. Neutropenia increases the risk of infections and requires close monitoring to prevent complications. Hyperglycemia (Choice A) is not typically associated with capecitabine. Hypocalcemia (Choice B) and Bradycardia (Choice D) are not commonly linked to capecitabine use, making them incorrect choices.
5. Anoxia during labor and delivery can cause __________.
- A. spina bifida
- B. anencephaly
- C. cerebral palsy
- D. muscular dystrophy
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Anoxia during labor and delivery can cause cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture. It is caused by damage to the developing brain, often due to a lack of oxygen during labor and delivery. Spina bifida (Choice A) is a neural tube defect that occurs during embryonic development and is not directly caused by anoxia during labor. Anencephaly (Choice B) is a severe neural tube defect where the baby is born without parts of the brain and skull, not typically caused by anoxia during labor. Muscular dystrophy (Choice D) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and is not directly related to anoxia during labor and delivery.
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