ATI RN
ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019
1. The public health RN is engaging with a teen in his community who is concerned about how he will be able to stay part of his friend group when they are all vaping and your client does not want to take part but does not want to feel awkward. Using motivational interviewing techniques, the RN says to the client, 'I understand this concern. Please tell me more about this and how it feels awkward for you.' The RN's question is an example of:
- A. Moving the teen to find a new friend group.
- B. Addressing the problem of teen awkwardness.
- C. Agreeing that awkwardness is hard.
- D. Using open-ended questioning.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The RN's question, 'Please tell me more about this and how it feels awkward for you,' is an example of using open-ended questioning. Open-ended questions encourage clients to share more about their feelings and thoughts, allowing for a deeper exploration of their concerns and experiences. It helps in building rapport, understanding the client's perspective, and facilitating a client-centered conversation.
2. Identify which conditions are due to excessive immune response.
- A. Allergies and onychomycosis
- B. Type II diabetes and smallpox
- C. Chronic renal failure and macular degeneration
- D. Allergies and rheumatoid arthritis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Allergies and rheumatoid arthritis. Allergies are caused by an excessive immune response to harmless substances, while rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body's tissues, leading to inflammation and joint damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails, Type II diabetes is a metabolic disorder not primarily related to immune response, smallpox is a viral infection, chronic renal failure is a kidney condition, and macular degeneration is an eye disorder, none of which are directly linked to excessive immune response.
3. When a child jumps out of the tub, crying and stating her feet are 'burning,' what pathophysiologic principle is responsible for this response?
- A. Pain receptors (nociceptors) have been activated in response to a thermal stimulus.
- B. The child's skin thermal receptors have undergone adaptation.
- C. The child is exhibiting a psychogenic pain response due to anxiety.
- D. The child is experiencing a conditioned pain response based on previous experiences.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The child's reaction is due to the activation of nociceptors, which are pain receptors that respond to thermal stimuli. This response is an immediate protective mechanism to prevent tissue damage caused by extreme temperatures. Option B is incorrect because adaptation does not explain the child's immediate and intense response. Option C is incorrect as there is a clear physical stimulus present, ruling out a psychogenic response. Option D is incorrect as the child's response is not based on previous experiences but rather on the current thermal stimulus.
4. A nurse manager is reviewing the facility's policies for IV therapy with the members of his team. The nurse manager should remind the team that which of the following techniques helps minimize the risk of catheter embolism?
- A. Performing hand hygiene before and after IV insertion
- B. Rotating IV sites at least every 72 hours
- C. Minimizing tourniquet time
- D. Avoiding reinserting the needle into an IV catheter
Correct answer: D
Rationale: To minimize the risk of catheter embolism, it is crucial to avoid reinserting the needle into an IV catheter. This practice can potentially sever the end of the catheter, leading to catheter embolism. Proper insertion techniques, securement, and avoiding unnecessary manipulations of the catheter can help prevent this serious complication.
5. A nurse enters a client's room and sees smoke coming from the trash can. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Call for assistance
- B. Evacuate the room
- C. Attempt to put out the fire
- D. Turn off the oxygen supply
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the event of a fire, the priority is to ensure everyone's safety. Therefore, the nurse's initial action should be to evacuate the room. Calling for assistance can be done while evacuating, ensuring help is on the way. Attempting to put out the fire can be dangerous and may delay evacuation. Turning off the oxygen supply is not the first step in this situation, as the immediate concern is to remove individuals from the potential danger.
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