ATI RN
ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019
1. The public health nurse is reading information from a study that states that hypertension may be associated with an odds ratio of 2.49, meaning the patient is approximately 2.5 times more likely to have a severe form of COVID-19 than those without hypertension. The nurse describes the odds ratio as:
- A. a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome
- B. an absolute risk increase
- C. a measure of statistical significance
- D. a measure of precision
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The odds ratio is a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome. In this context, an odds ratio of 2.49 indicates that individuals with hypertension are approximately 2.5 times more likely to develop severe COVID-19 compared to those without hypertension. Therefore, choice A is correct as it accurately defines the role of odds ratio in assessing the relationship between an exposure (hypertension) and an outcome (severe COVID-19). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not describe the nature of odds ratio.
2. A nurse is instructing the mother of a toddler who has iron-deficiency anemia to increase iron in the child’s diet in addition to the prescribed iron supplement. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Skim milk
- B. Bananas
- C. Tuna fish
- D. Cucumbers
Correct answer: Tuna fish
Rationale: Tuna fish is a good source of iron and would be beneficial for a toddler with iron-deficiency anemia. Skim milk, bananas, and cucumbers are not significant sources of iron and would not help in increasing the iron levels in the child's diet. Skim milk, in particular, can inhibit iron absorption due to its calcium content, which is important for the nurse to educate the mother about.
3. What is an escharotomy and when is it performed?
- A. A surgical incision to release pressure in burn injuries
- B. A procedure to remove dead tissue from wounds
- C. An incision to improve circulation in tight skin after burns
- D. A procedure to remove excess fluid from the chest
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An escharotomy is a surgical incision made to release pressure in a part of the body that has a deep burn and excessive swelling. This procedure is crucial in preventing further damage due to restricted blood flow and compromised circulation. Choice B is incorrect because it describes debridement, which is the removal of dead tissue from wounds. Choice C is incorrect as it does not specifically address the purpose of relieving pressure in burn injuries. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a procedure more related to thoracentesis, which is the removal of excess fluid from the chest, typically the pleural space.
4. A patient with heart failure needs education on fluid restrictions. What is the most important information to provide?
- A. Monitor the patient's weight daily.
- B. Provide the patient with a fluid restriction plan.
- C. Instruct the patient to avoid salty foods.
- D. Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most important information to provide to a patient with heart failure regarding fluid restrictions is to provide them with a fluid restriction plan. This plan helps the patient manage their fluid intake effectively, which is crucial in preventing complications associated with heart failure. Monitoring weight daily can be a part of the plan but is not the most important. Instructing the patient to avoid salty foods is beneficial but not as crucial as having a structured fluid restriction plan. Encouraging the patient to increase fluid intake would be counterproductive and potentially harmful in a patient with heart failure.
5. How do models of practice help therapists engage in sound therapeutic reasoning?
- A. They provide structure to guide thinking
- B. They address theory but not practice
- C. They predict the outcome of intervention
- D. They examine physical characteristics of the child
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Models of practice help therapists engage in sound therapeutic reasoning by providing a structured framework to guide their thinking process. These models offer a systematic approach that assists therapists in organizing their thoughts and decision-making processes during therapy sessions. By following a specific model, therapists can ensure they consider all relevant factors and make informed therapeutic choices, leading to effective interventions and better outcomes for their clients.
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