Nursing Elites

1. The psychosocial task of a 55 year old adult client is:

• A. Industry vs. Inferiority
• B. Intimacy vs. Isolation
• C. Integrity vs. Despair
• D. Generativity vs. Stagnation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

2. Which nutrient is critical for wound healing and immune function?

• A. Vitamin B12
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen formation and immune function.

3. Which of the following interventions should be considered the highest priority when caring for June, who has hemiparesis secondary to a stroke?

• A. Position June in an upright lateral position
• B. Perform range of motion exercises
• C. Apply antiembolic stockings
• D. Use hand rolls or pillows for support

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Apply antiembolic stockings'. In the case of a patient who has experienced a stroke and is suffering from hemiparesis, the highest priority intervention is to prevent further complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can be life-threatening. Antiembolic stockings are used to increase venous blood flow velocity and reduce the risk of DVT. Choice 'A', positioning June in an upright lateral position, while important for overall care, is not the highest priority. Choice 'B', performing range of motion exercises, is an important part of recovery but not the immediate priority. Choice 'D', using hand rolls or pillows for support, is also a valuable intervention but does not address the most pressing risk of further complications.

4. A client is being taught how to follow a low-purine diet for gout management. Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching?

• A. "I will need to limit the number of fruit servings each day."?
• B. "I should avoid eating liver and other organ meats."?
• C. "I can drink only white wine."?
• D. "I should choose red meat instead of poultry."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Organ meats like liver are high in purines, which can exacerbate gout symptoms. Choosing to avoid such foods is essential in following a low-purine diet. Option A is incorrect because fruits are generally low in purines and are not usually restricted in a low-purine diet. Option C is incorrect as white wine, just like other types of alcohol, should be consumed in moderation or avoided due to its purine content. Option D is incorrect because red meat, including beef and lamb, is high in purines and should be limited in a low-purine diet.

5. A client who has chronic lymphocytic leukemia is starting chemotherapy treatments and asks if she needs to make any dietary changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. "You should avoid drinking liquids an hour before the treatments."?
• B. "Eating low-calorie foods helps prevent nausea."?
• C. "Foods that are higher in fat are usually more appealing."?
• D. "Raw fruits and vegetables will be easier for your body to digest."?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During chemotherapy treatments for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, raw fruits and vegetables are recommended as they are easier for the body to digest. This choice provides essential nutrients and is gentle on the digestive system. Option A is incorrect because staying hydrated is crucial during chemotherapy. Option B is incorrect as low-calorie foods may not provide sufficient energy during treatment. Option C is incorrect because high-fat foods are not typically recommended due to potential digestive issues.

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