Nursing Elites

1. Is the parietal pericardium attached to the surface of the heart?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The parietal pericardium is a tough, fibrous outer layer that is attached to the diaphragm and the sternum but not directly to the surface of the heart. It forms a sac around the heart known as the pericardial sac. Therefore, the statement that the parietal pericardium is attached to the surface of the heart is false.

2. What function is associated with the dermal layer of the skin?

• A. Sensory perception
• B. To provide support and structure to the skin
• C. Protection from UV rays
• D. Insulation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct function associated with the dermal layer of the skin is to provide support and structure to the skin. The dermis is the thickest layer of the skin and is responsible for maintaining the skin's integrity and firmness. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as sensory perception, protection from UV rays, and insulation are functions associated with other layers of the skin, such as the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue.

3. Which of the following is not true of organelles?

• A. They carry out specific activities.
• B. They are only present in human cells.
• C. They are composed of aggregates of large molecules.
• D. They are found in many types of cells.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Organelles are not exclusive to human cells but are present in various types of cells across different organisms. Option B is incorrect as it suggests that organelles are only found in human cells, which is false. Choices A, C, and D are correct statements about organelles. Organelles indeed carry out specific activities, are made up of aggregates of large molecules, and can be found in many types of cells.

4. Is oxygen the primary raw material for new living material?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C. Not Sure
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: While oxygen is essential for many living organisms, it is not the primary raw material for new living material. The primary raw materials for new living material are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur, collectively known as CHNOPS elements. These elements are the building blocks of biological molecules and are essential for life. Therefore, the correct answer is False. Choices C and D are incorrect because the primary raw materials for new living material are well-established in biology.

5. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?

• A. Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems
• B. Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems
• C. Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues
• D. Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems. This list correctly depicts the increasing levels of complexity in biological organization. It starts with organelles, which are subunits within cells, followed by cells, then tissues (groups of cells working together), organs (comprised of different tissues), and finally organ systems (multiple organs working together). Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not follow the logical progression of complexity from smaller units to larger, more complex structures.

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