the nurse is taking a health history of an adolescent which best describes how the chief complaint should be determined
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children

1. The nurse is taking a health history of an adolescent. Which best describes how the chief complaint should be determined?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Asking the adolescent directly about the reason for their visit encourages open communication and helps the nurse understand the primary concern from the patient's perspective.

2. During an otoscopic examination on an infant, in which direction is the pinna pulled?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: For infants, the pinna is pulled down and back to straighten the ear canal and allow proper visualization of the tympanic membrane during otoscopic examination.

3. A 12-year-old child is injured in a bicycle accident. When considering the possibility of renal trauma, the nurse should consider what factor?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The amount of hematuria is not a reliable indicator of the severity of renal trauma, as even minor injuries can cause significant bleeding, while severe injuries may result in little or no visible blood. Renal trauma should be evaluated through imaging and clinical assessment.

4. The nurse is teaching a client to prevent future urinary tract infections (UTIs). What factor is most important to emphasize as the potential cause?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Urinary stasis is the most important factor in the development of UTIs because it provides an environment for bacterial growth. While poor hygiene and congenital anomalies are contributing factors, preventing urinary stasis is key in UTI prevention.

5. Which pediatric condition is most likely to present with a "whooping" sound during coughing?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pertussis. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is characterized by a "whooping" sound during coughing episodes. This distinctive sound is due to the rapid intake of air after a series of coughs. Choice A, Croup, typically presents with a barking cough and stridor. Choice B, Bronchitis, is characterized by a productive cough with mucus. Choice D, Asthma, usually presents with wheezing and shortness of breath.

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