Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is aware that which age group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?

• A. Preschool
• B. Young school age
• C. Middle school age
• D. Adolescent

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Preschool children are at higher risk for injury due to magical and egocentric thinking, which can lead to misjudgments about their abilities and dangers.

2. The nurse is taking vital signs on a group of assigned preschool-aged children. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for further action?

• A. Respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute
• B. Heart rate of 89 beats per minute
• C. Heart rate of 120 beats per minute
• D. Respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A heart rate of 120 beats per minute is high for a preschool-aged child and may indicate an underlying issue that requires further assessment. A respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute (choice A) is within the normal range for preschool children. Similarly, a heart rate of 89 beats per minute (choice B) falls within the expected range. A respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute (choice D) is slightly elevated but may not be as concerning as a heart rate of 120 beats per minute.

3. How is family systems theory best described?

• A. The family is viewed as the sum of individual members
• B. A change in one family member cannot create a change in other members
• C. Individual family members are readily identified as the source of a problem
• D. When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Family systems theory views the family as a whole, where changes in one member affect the entire system, and changes can occur at any point within the system.

4. Which congenital heart defect causes a "boot-shaped" heart on a chest x-ray?

• A. Tetralogy of Fallot
• B. Coarctation of the aorta
• C. Transposition of the great arteries
• D. Ventricular septal defect

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect with four distinct abnormalities, often presents with a "boot-shaped" heart on chest x-ray due to right ventricular hypertrophy. This characteristic finding is due to the specific combination of defects in this condition. Coarctation of the aorta (choice B), Transposition of the great arteries (choice C), and Ventricular septal defect (choice D) do not typically result in a "boot-shaped" heart on a chest x-ray like Tetralogy of Fallot does.

5. Urinary tract anomalies are frequently associated with what irregularities in fetal development?

• A. Myelomeningocele
• B. Cardiovascular anomalies
• C. Malformed or low-set ears
• D. Defects in lower extremities

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Malformed or low-set ears are often associated with congenital urinary tract anomalies, as both the ears and kidneys develop around the same time during fetal growth. Myelomeningocele, cardiovascular anomalies, and lower extremity defects are less commonly associated with UT anomalies.

Similar Questions