Nursing Elites

1. The healthcare provider is planning care for a patient receiving morphine sulfate via a patient-controlled analgesia pump. Which intervention may be required due to a potential adverse effect of this drug?

• A. Administering a cough suppressant
• B. Inserting a Foley catheter
• C. Administering an anti-diarrheal
• D. Monitoring urinary output

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Morphine can lead to urinary retention and urinary hesitancy. If a patient shows signs of bladder distention or inability to void, the healthcare provider should be notified, and urinary catheterization may be necessary. Administering a cough suppressant or an anti-diarrheal is not typically required to address adverse effects of morphine. Liver function tests (LFTs) are not directly related to the potential adverse effects of morphine on the urinary system.

2. Which statement most reflects the observation that the infant sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and maintains a quiet alert state?

• A. This is atypical behavior and should be addressed
• B. The infant should remain on high alert when awake
• C. This shows the infant is making neurological gains
• D. The family is disrupting the child's sleep patterns

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A quiet alert state in infants indicates positive neurological development. It showcases the infant's ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles and maintain an optimal state for learning and interaction. Therefore, observing an infant who sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and stays in a quiet alert state is a reassuring sign of neurological gains and healthy development. Choice A is incorrect as it misinterprets normal behavior as atypical. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests the infant should be on high alert, which is not developmentally appropriate. Choice D is incorrect as it falsely blames the family for disrupting the child's sleep patterns, whereas the scenario described indicates positive neurological growth.

3. Which question provides information regarding a child's community mobility?

• A. What is the level of supervision provided?
• B. Can the child leave the house and play with friends?
• C. Is the child being bullied?
• D. Is there equipment available so the child can play with peers?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B directly assesses the child's community mobility by inquiring about their ability to leave the house and engage in play activities with friends. Community mobility involves the child's independence in social and recreational activities outside the home, making this question crucial for understanding their daily functioning and autonomy.

4. How do activity observation and analysis support pediatric occupational therapy intervention?

• A. Grading is based on standard protocols for the specific activity.
• B. Preparatory activities are selected to efficiently build specific skills without the need for further design considerations.
• C. Activity synthesis integrates the results to identify alternate ways of performing activities.
• D. Usual modifications for the identified activity are implemented.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Activity observation and analysis support pediatric occupational therapy intervention by synthesizing information obtained through observation to identify alternative methods of performing activities. This process assists in intervention planning by exploring different approaches to help children achieve their occupational therapy goals effectively.

5. When teaching a parent of a toddler with congenital heart disease, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Offer small, frequent meals.
• B. Limit the toddler's physical activity.
• C. Provide a low-sodium diet.
• D. Monitor the toddler's intake and output.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a parent of a toddler with congenital heart disease is to offer small, frequent meals. This recommendation helps reduce the cardiac workload on the child's heart and supports easier digestion and nutrient absorption, promoting the child's overall health. Limiting physical activity (choice B) may be necessary but is not the priority in this case. While offering a low-sodium diet (choice C) can be beneficial, it is not the most critical instruction. Monitoring the toddler's intake and output (choice D) is important but not as essential as providing small, frequent meals to support the child's heart health.

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