Nursing Elites

1. The healthcare provider is planning care for a patient receiving morphine sulfate via a patient-controlled analgesia pump. Which intervention may be required due to a potential adverse effect of this drug?

• A. Administering a cough suppressant
• B. Inserting a Foley catheter
• C. Administering an anti-diarrheal
• D. Monitoring urinary output

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Morphine can lead to urinary retention and urinary hesitancy. If a patient shows signs of bladder distention or inability to void, the healthcare provider should be notified, and urinary catheterization may be necessary. Administering a cough suppressant or an anti-diarrheal is not typically required to address adverse effects of morphine. Liver function tests (LFTs) are not directly related to the potential adverse effects of morphine on the urinary system.

2. What is the next food texture after 'soft and bite-sized pieces of meltable and soft-solid foods'?

• A. Regular
• B. Liquidized
• C. Pur�ed
• D. Minced and Moist

Correct answer: A

Rationale: After mastering soft and bite-sized pieces, children typically progress to regular table foods.

3. A child is being treated for dehydration with intravenous fluids. The child currently weighs 13 kg and is estimated to have lost 7% of his normal body weight. The nurse is double-checking the IV rate the healthcare provider prescribed. The formula the healthcare provider used was for maintenance fluids: 1000 mL for 10 kg of body weight plus 50 mL for every kilogram over 10 for 24 hours. Replacement fluid is the percentage of lost body weight � 10 per kg of body weight. According to the calculation for maintenance plus replacement fluid, which hourly IV rate will the nurse implement for 24 hours?

• A. 88 mL/hr
• B. 86 mL/hr
• C. 81 mL/hr
• D. 83 mL/hr

Correct answer: B

Rationale: For 13 kg, the maintenance fluid is 1150 mL (1000 mL for first 10 kg + 3*50 mL for the remaining 3 kg). Replacement fluid is 910 mL (0.07 * 13000 mL). Total fluid is 2060 mL, divided by 24 hours is 86 mL/hr.

4. Which type of play involves actions such as looking and touching the mother's face, putting hands in one's mouth, and responding to familiar people?

• A. Exploratory
• B. Functional or relational
• C. Pretend
• D. Symbolic or imaginary

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Exploratory play is characterized by exploring sensory experiences and learning about the environment. In this type of play, infants engage in activities like looking, touching, and responding to familiar stimuli to understand the world around them.

5. When teaching a parent of a child with hemophilia, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Administer aspirin for pain.
• B. Avoid administering NSAIDs.
• C. Restrict physical activities.
• D. Apply heat to joints.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid administering NSAIDs.' Hemophilia is a condition where blood does not clot properly. NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) can increase the risk of bleeding in individuals with hemophilia. Therefore, it is crucial for the parent to avoid giving their child NSAIDs for pain management to prevent exacerbating bleeding tendencies. Choice A is incorrect because aspirin, like NSAIDs, can also increase the risk of bleeding. Choice C is incorrect because physical activities should not be restricted but rather managed to prevent injuries that could lead to bleeding. Choice D is incorrect because applying heat to joints can worsen bleeding in individuals with hemophilia.

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