ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children
1. The nurse is discussing toddler development with a parent. Which intervention will foster the achievement of autonomy?
- A. Help the toddler complete tasks
- B. Encourage the toddler to do things for themselves when capable
- C. Provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children
- D. Help the toddler learn the difference between right and wrong
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the toddler to do things for themselves when capable is the correct intervention to foster autonomy. This approach helps the toddler develop independence, self-confidence, and a sense of achievement. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on assisting rather than encouraging independence. Choice C is incorrect as playing with other children primarily fosters social skills, not necessarily autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as learning the difference between right and wrong is related to moral development, not autonomy.
2. The clinic nurse is reviewing statistics on infant mortality for the United States versus other countries. Compared with other countries that have a population of at least 25 million, the nurse makes which determination?
- A. The United States is ranked last among 27 countries
- B. The United States is ranked similar to 20 other developed countries
- C. The United States is ranked in the middle of 20 other developed countries
- D. The United States is ranked highest among 27 other industrialized countries
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The United States is ranked last among developed countries with similar populations in terms of infant mortality rates, highlighting a significant public health concern.
3. What is the primary concern in a child with nephrotic syndrome?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hyperlipidemia
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyperlipidemia. Children with nephrotic syndrome often present with hyperlipidemia due to altered lipid metabolism, making it a primary concern in these patients. Hypotension (choice A) is not a primary concern in nephrotic syndrome. Hyperkalemia (choice B) and hypocalcemia (choice D) are not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome and are less likely to be primary concerns in these patients.
4. Children are taught the values of their culture through observation and feedback relative to their own behavior. In teaching a class on cultural competence, the nurse should be aware that which factor may be culturally determined?
- A. Ethnicity
- B. Racial variation
- C. Status
- D. Geographic boundaries
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Status, or the social standing within a culture, is often culturally determined and plays a significant role in shaping behaviors and expectations.
5. Why are neonates predisposed to problems with thermoregulation?
- A. Renal function is not fully developed
- B. Flexed posture favors heat loss
- C. A large body surface area favors heat loss to the environment
- D. A thick layer of subcutaneous fat provides excellent insulation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Newborns have a large surface area relative to their body weight, making them more susceptible to heat loss and requiring careful thermoregulation. Choice A is incorrect because renal function is not directly related to thermoregulation. Choice B is incorrect because a flexed posture actually helps reduce heat loss by minimizing the surface area exposed to the environment. Choice D is incorrect because neonates have limited subcutaneous fat, which contributes to their susceptibility to heat loss.