ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. The nurse is discussing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with a 17-year-old student. Which cognitive development theory should the teaching plan be based on?
- A. Sensorimotor reactions
- B. Limited cause and effect understanding
- C. Abstract thinking
- D. Concrete thinking
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Abstract thinking.' According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, adolescents, typically around the age of 12 and older, enter the formal operational stage where they can think abstractly and reason about hypothetical situations. When discussing complex topics like STIs with a 17-year-old student, it is essential to base the teaching plan on abstract thinking. Choice A, 'Sensorimotor reactions,' is incorrect as it pertains to the earliest stage in Piaget's theory (birth to 2 years old) focusing on sensory experiences and physical interactions. Choice B, 'Limited cause and effect understanding,' does not align with the cognitive abilities of a 17-year-old who is capable of more advanced thinking. Choice D, 'Concrete thinking,' is also incorrect as it refers to the stage before formal operations, where individuals think more concretely and struggle with abstract concepts.
2. An 8-year-old girl asks the nurse how the blood pressure apparatus works. The most appropriate nursing action is which?
- A. Ask her why she wants to know.
- B. Determine why she is so anxious.
- C. Explain in simple terms how it works.
- D. Tell her she will see how it works as it is used.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Providing a simple explanation satisfies the child's curiosity and helps reduce any anxiety about the procedure.
3. What play activities should the nurse implement to encourage fluid intake for a child? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Have a tea party.
- B. Use a crazy straw.
- C. Cut gelatin into fun shapes.
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Encouraging fluid intake can be fun and engaging through activities like having a tea party, using a crazy
4. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Which moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
- A. Justice
- B. Autonomy
- C. Beneficence
- D. Nonmaleficence
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Supporting an adolescent in making decisions about their care reflects the moral value of autonomy, emphasizing the importance of respecting the patient's right to make informed choices.
5. What should the nurse explain about ringworm?
- A. It is not contagious
- B. It is a sign of uncleanliness
- C. It is expected to resolve spontaneously
- D. It is spread by both direct and indirect contact
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ringworm is a fungal infection that spreads through direct and indirect contact. Good hygiene practices can help prevent its spread.