ATI RN
Oncology Test Bank
1. The nurse is caring for a patient who has just been given a 6-month prognosis following a diagnosis of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. The patient states that he would like to die at home, but the team believes that the patient's care needs are unable to be met in a home environment. What might you suggest as an alternative?
- A. Discuss a referral for rehabilitation hospital.
- B. Panel the patient for a personal care home.
- C. Discuss a referral for acute care.
- D. Discuss a referral for hospice care.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the most appropriate alternative to address the patient's desire to die at home while ensuring proper care is hospice care. Hospice care is specifically designed to provide support to patients and families in situations where the patient's needs cannot be met at home. Rehabilitation hospital (Choice A), personal care home (Choice B), and acute care (Choice C) are not the most suitable options in this case as they do not focus on end-of-life care and support like hospice care does.
2. Ceroid pigments and lipofuscin accumulate with aging, impairing a cell's ability to withstand the damaging effects of oxygen free radicals.
- A. True
- B. False
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: True
Rationale: The statement provided in the question is true. Ceroid pigments and lipofuscin are products of cellular damage and aging. These substances accumulate within cells over time and can impair cellular functions, including the ability to withstand the damaging effects of oxygen free radicals. Choice B, 'False,' is incorrect because the accumulation of ceroid pigments and lipofuscin does indeed impair a cell's ability to deal with oxidative stress. Choices C and D are also incorrect as the statement is true.
3. One criticism of the information-processing approach is that it __________.
- A. underestimates the individual's contribution to his or her own development
- B. ignores transformation in adulthood, concluding that no major cognitive changes occur after adolescence
- C. underestimates the competencies of infants and preschoolers, focusing on older children and adolescents
- D. is better at analyzing thinking into its components than at putting them back together into a comprehensive theory
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The criticism that the information-processing approach ignores transformation in adulthood, concluding that no major cognitive changes occur after adolescence, suggests a limitation of the theory in not fully acknowledging that cognitive development continues throughout the lifespan. This criticism highlights a potential drawback of the approach in terms of its understanding of cognitive changes beyond adolescence. Choice A is incorrect because the criticism is not about underestimating the individual's contribution. Choice C is also incorrect as the criticism is not related to age-specific competencies. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on a different aspect of the information-processing approach.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings through a nasogastric tube. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Gastric residual of 200 mL or more
- B. pH of gastric contents is 5.0
- C. Bowel sounds are present in all quadrants
- D. Temperature 37.5°C (99.5°F)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A gastric residual of 200 mL or more indicates delayed gastric emptying, which can be a sign of potential complications such as aspiration or intolerance to the enteral feedings. This finding should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and possible intervention. Choices B, C, and D are within normal limits and do not require immediate reporting. A pH of 5.0 is normal for gastric contents, bowel sounds in all quadrants indicate normal gastrointestinal motility, and a temperature of 37.5°C (99.5°F) is within the normal range.
5. A teenager is accompanied by his mother to the annual physical examination. The nurse is aware of privacy issues related to the teenager. While the mother is in the room, which topic should the nurse avoid?
- A. School performance
- B. Seatbelt use
- C. Cigarette smoking
- D. School friends
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cigarette smoking. Discussing sensitive topics like cigarette smoking in the presence of a parent may inhibit the teenager's willingness to be open and honest. It's important to provide an opportunity for the teenager to speak privately with the healthcare provider. Choices A, B, and D are more general topics that can be discussed openly in front of the parent without compromising the teenager's privacy or comfort.
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