ATI RN
Multi Dimensional Care | Exam | Rasmusson
1. The nurse is caring for 4 clients. Which of these clients will the nurse see first?
- A. A client with sudden and increasing pain in his fractured arm
- B. A client being discharged in 2 hours and needs to be taught how to use his crutches
- C. A client with RA and a scheduled pain medication
- D. A client with a fractured ankle who would like a glass of water
Correct answer: A client with sudden and increasing pain in his fractured arm
Rationale:
2. A client with Hodgkin's disease is receiving Cyclophosphamide IV. Which medication should be administered concurrently to prevent an adverse effect of Cyclophosphamide?
- A. Uroprotectant agent, such as mesna
- B. Opioid, such as morphine
- C. Loop diuretic, such as furosemide
- D. H1 receptor antagonist, such as diphenhydramine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Mesna, an uroprotectant agent, is administered with nitrogen mustard chemotherapy drugs like Cyclophosphamide to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis, a common adverse effect. Mesna works by binding to and inactivating the toxic metabolites of Cyclophosphamide in the bladder, thereby reducing the risk of bladder toxicity.
3. When administering an immunization, which of the following medications should be available?
- A. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- B. Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
- C. Physostigmine
- D. Epinephrine
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When administering an immunization, it is essential to have epinephrine available in case of an allergic reaction such as anaphylaxis. Epinephrine is the medication of choice for treating severe allergic reactions due to its ability to reverse the symptoms rapidly. Diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine are antihistamines that can help manage mild allergic reactions but are not the primary medications for severe reactions like anaphylaxis. Physostigmine is not indicated for managing allergic reactions and is used for specific conditions such as anticholinergic toxicity.
4. When administering IV Acyclovir to a client with Varicella, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Administer a stool softener
- B. Decrease fluid intake following infusion
- C. Infuse Acyclovir over 1 hr
- D. Monitor for hypotension
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When administering IV Acyclovir to a client with Varicella, the nurse should infuse the medication over at least 1 hour to prevent nephrotoxicity. Rapid infusion can lead to adverse effects such as renal damage. Therefore, it is crucial to follow the recommended infusion rate to ensure the client's safety and well-being. Choice A is incorrect as stool softeners are not indicated in this situation. Choice B is incorrect because fluid intake should be maintained or increased to prevent dehydration and support kidney function. Choice D is incorrect as monitoring for hypotension is not specifically related to the administration of IV Acyclovir in Varicella.
5. What is the likely reason that a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) would succumb to pneumonia while a healthy person exposed to the same infection did not?
- A. The client with AIDS is a susceptible host
- B. The client with AIDS has greater immune defenses
- C. The client with AIDS was not as careful
- D. The client with AIDS has more portals of entry
Correct answer: The client with AIDS is a susceptible host
Rationale:
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