ATI RN
Multi Dimensional Care | Exam | Rasmusson
1. Antibodies are passed from mother to fetus through the placenta. What is this type of immunity called?
- A. Artificial passive
- B. Natural passive
- C. Natural active
- D. Artificial active
Correct answer: Natural passive
Rationale:
2. A client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery is at risk for constipation due to which behavior?
- A. Increased fiber intake
- B. Decreased fluid intake
- C. Frequent urge suppression
- D. Increased physical activity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Postoperative clients are at risk for constipation due to various factors, including decreased fluid intake. Insufficient fluid consumption can lead to hardening of stools, making them difficult to pass. Increased fiber intake (choice A) is actually beneficial for preventing constipation as it adds bulk to the stool. Frequent urge suppression (choice C) can contribute to constipation by disrupting normal bowel habits. Increased physical activity (choice D) generally helps promote bowel movements and reduce the risk of constipation.
3. A client is reviewing a medical record for advance directives. Which client statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I don't need a living will because my family will make decisions.
- B. My living will takes effect only if I lose consciousness.
- C. My family will decide when to follow my living will.
- D. I can change my living will at any time.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because clients can change their living will at any time as long as they are mentally competent. Choice A is incorrect because relying solely on family to make decisions may not align with the client's wishes. Choice B is incorrect because a living will can address various situations, not just loss of consciousness. Choice C is incorrect because the client should be the primary decision-maker regarding their living will, not the family.
4. In the ED, a homeless client is brought in with severe hypothermia. The police officers also state that they found a 'bottle of booze' on the sidewalk next to him. This puts the nurse on high alert since alcohol contributes to hypothermia by:
- A. interfering with the appetite center in the brain, causing the person to not respond to hunger cues.
- B. causing the person to have less insulation from body fat.
- C. dulling mental awareness, impairing judgment to seek shelter.
- D. increasing the basal metabolic rate, leading to faster depletion of ATP.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Alcohol impairs judgment and dulls mental awareness, making a person less likely to seek shelter when experiencing hypothermia. This impaired judgment can lead to risky behaviors that exacerbate the effects of cold exposure. Choice A is incorrect because alcohol does not directly interfere with the appetite center in the brain to the extent described. Choice B is incorrect as alcohol consumption does not directly impact the amount of body fat present. Choice D is incorrect because alcohol does not increase the basal metabolic rate but rather slows it down.
5. Which medication is commonly prescribed for the treatment of bipolar disorder?
- A. Sertraline
- B. Valproic acid
- C. Clozapine
- D. Haloperidol
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Valproic acid is commonly prescribed as a mood stabilizer for the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps in controlling mood swings, preventing manic episodes, and reducing the risk of depressive episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. Sertraline is an antidepressant typically used for major depressive disorder and other anxiety disorders, not for bipolar disorder. Clozapine and Haloperidol are antipsychotic medications primarily used in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, not as first-line treatments for bipolar disorder.
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