Nursing Elites

1. An infant, age 5 months, is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What is the best advice that the nurse should include at this time about injury prevention?

• A. Keep buttons, beads, and other small objects out of his reach.
• B. Do not permit him to chew paint from window ledges because he might absorb too much lead.
• C. When he learns to roll over, you must supervise him whenever he is on a surface from which he might fall.
• D. Lock the crib sides securely because he may stand and lean against them and fall out of bed.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Small objects are a choking hazard for infants, so it is crucial to keep them out of reach to prevent injury.

2. What information should be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities for this age?

• A. Give large push-pull toys for kinetic stimulation
• B. Place a cradle gym across the crib to help develop fine motor skills
• C. Provide the child with finger paints to enhance fine motor skills
• D. Provide a stick horse to develop gross motor coordination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Large push-pull toys are suitable for a 12-month-old as they encourage gross motor skills and physical activity, which are crucial for their development at this age.

3. During the 2-month well-child checkup, the nurse expects the infant to respond to sound in which manner?

• A. Respond to name
• B. React to loud noise with Moro reflex
• C. Turn his or her head to side when sound is at ear level
• D. Locate sound by turning his or her head in a curving arc

Correct answer: B

Rationale: At 2 months, infants typically react to loud noises with the Moro reflex, a startle response that is normal at this stage of development.

4. The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

• A. 2 to 3 years
• B. 4 to 5 years
• C. 6 to 7 years
• D. 8 to 9 years

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The peak age for the onset of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is typically between 4 and 5 years old. MCNS is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, particularly within this age range.

5. The nurse is aware that which age group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?

• A. Preschool
• B. Young school age
• C. Middle school age
• D. Adolescent

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Preschool children are at higher risk for injury due to magical and egocentric thinking, which can lead to misjudgments about their abilities and dangers.

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