ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. An infant, age 5 months, is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What is the best advice that the nurse should include at this time about injury prevention?
- A. Keep buttons, beads, and other small objects out of his reach.
- B. Do not permit him to chew paint from window ledges because he might absorb too much lead.
- C. When he learns to roll over, you must supervise him whenever he is on a surface from which he might fall.
- D. Lock the crib sides securely because he may stand and lean against them and fall out of bed.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Small objects are a choking hazard for infants, so it is crucial to keep them out of reach to prevent injury.
2. Which condition is often associated with a "ground-glass" appearance on a chest x-ray in neonates?
- A. Pneumonia
- B. Respiratory distress syndrome
- C. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- D. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Respiratory distress syndrome. Respiratory distress syndrome often presents with a "ground-glass" appearance on a chest x-ray in neonates due to surfactant deficiency. Choice A, Pneumonia, typically appears as patchy infiltrates on chest x-ray. Choice C, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, is characterized by hyperinflation and fibrosis, not a ground-glass appearance. Choice D, Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, usually shows mediastinal shift and bowel loops in the chest cavity on x-ray, not a ground-glass appearance.
3. The nurse manager is compiling a report for a hospital committee on the quality of nursing-sensitive indicators for a nursing unit. Which does the nurse manager include in the report?
- A. The average age of the nurses on the unit
- B. The salary ranges for the nurses on the unit
- C. The education and certification of the nurses on the unit
- D. The number of nurses who have applied but were not hired for the unit
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The education and certification of nurses are key nursing-sensitive indicators that reflect the quality of care provided on the unit.
4. An infant is suspected of having esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula. While waiting for the pediatrician to see the infant, which action should the nurse take?
- A. Position the infant with the head of the bed slightly elevated
- B. Allow the infant to bond with the mother in her room
- C. Offer the infant breastfeeding instead of formula feeding
- D. Wrap the infant in blankets and place in a crib by the viewing window
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Positioning the infant with the head of the bed elevated helps to prevent aspiration and manage secretions until further treatment can be provided. Choice B is incorrect as the priority is ensuring the infant's safety and health, not immediate bonding. Choice C is incorrect as breastfeeding may worsen the condition. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the potential risk of aspiration associated with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula.
5. The nurse is preparing an airborne infection isolation room for a patient. Which communicable disease does the patient likely have?
- A. Varicella
- B. Pertussis
- C. Influenza
- D. Scarlet fever
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Varicella (chickenpox) is an airborne infectious disease, requiring isolation to prevent the spread of the virus.
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