Nursing Elites

1. An infant, age 5 months, is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What is the best advice that the nurse should include at this time about injury prevention?

• A. Keep buttons, beads, and other small objects out of his reach.
• B. Do not permit him to chew paint from window ledges because he might absorb too much lead.
• C. When he learns to roll over, you must supervise him whenever he is on a surface from which he might fall.
• D. Lock the crib sides securely because he may stand and lean against them and fall out of bed.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Small objects are a choking hazard for infants, so it is crucial to keep them out of reach to prevent injury.

2. At a well-child check-up, the nurse notes that an infant with a previous diagnosis of failure to thrive (FTT) is now steadily gaining weight. The nurse should recommend that fruit juice intake be limited to no more than how much?

• A. 4 oz/day
• B. 6 oz/day
• C. 8 oz/day
• D. 12 oz/day

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting fruit juice intake to no more than 4 oz per day for infants, as excessive juice can contribute to poor nutrition and dental issues.

3. What is the recommended position for a child after a tonsillectomy?

• A. Supine
• B. Prone
• C. Side-lying
• D. Fowler's position

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Side-lying. The side-lying position is recommended after a tonsillectomy to facilitate drainage of secretions and reduce the risk of aspiration. This position helps prevent blood from pooling in the back of the throat, decreasing the chance of bleeding postoperatively. Supine (lying face up), while commonly used in other situations, may not be ideal immediately after a tonsillectomy due to the risk of airway obstruction from blood clots. Prone (lying face down) is not recommended as it can hinder breathing and increase the risk of complications. Fowler's position (semi-sitting) is also not typically used after a tonsillectomy because it may cause discomfort and hinder proper drainage.

4. Chemicals, agents, or factors that cause physical defects in the developing embryo and are most harmful during organogenesis are:

• A. Teratogens
• B. Heterozygous
• C. Inborn errors
• D. Multifactorial

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Teratogens are substances that can cause congenital abnormalities, especially during the first trimester when organogenesis occurs. Choice A, Teratogens, is the correct answer as it specifically refers to substances that cause physical defects in the developing embryo. Choices B, Heterozygous, C, Inborn errors, and D, Multifactorial, are incorrect as they do not directly relate to substances that cause physical defects in embryos during organogenesis.

5. As the primary caregiver for a 5-month-old baby, according to Maslow’s hierarchy of basic needs, which intervention takes the highest priority?

• A. Feeding every four hours
• B. Protection from harm
• C. Providing stimulation
• D. Providing love

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Feeding every four hours. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, physiological needs, such as food, water, and warmth, take the highest priority. Ensuring that the baby is fed regularly is crucial for survival and overall health. Choice B, protection from harm, relates more to safety needs which come after physiological needs. Choice C, providing stimulation, is associated with higher-level needs like belongingness and esteem. Choice D, providing love, corresponds to esteem and self-actualization needs, which are higher in the hierarchy than physiological needs.

Similar Questions