an infant age 5 months is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well baby checkup what is the best advice that the nurse should include at this t
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Nursing Elites

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Nursing Care of Children ATI

1. An infant, age 5 months, is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What is the best advice that the nurse should include at this time about injury prevention?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Small objects are a choking hazard for infants, so it is crucial to keep them out of reach to prevent injury.

2. When should the nurse instruct parents to administer a daily proton pump inhibitor to their child with gastroesophageal reflux?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole or lansoprazole are most effective when given 30 minutes before breakfast. This timing allows the medication to inhibit the proton pumps in the stomach that produce acid, providing better symptom control throughout the day. Administering the PPI at bedtime (choice A) may not be as effective as giving it before breakfast due to the timing of peak acid production during the day. Giving it with a meal (choice B) might affect the absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Midmorning administration (choice C) is not the recommended time for optimal PPI efficacy.

3. What is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Playing peek-a-boo is an ideal play activity for a 7-month-old as it encourages visual tracking and social interaction, which are key developmental milestones at this age.

4. At which age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Infants typically begin to smile in response to pleasurable stimuli by 2 months, which is an early sign of social interaction and emotional development.

5. What is typically the first sign of puberty in females?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Breast development (thelarche) is usually the first sign of puberty in females, typically beginning between ages 8 and 13. This marks the start of puberty, followed by pubic hair growth, a growth spurt, and eventually menarche (the onset of menstruation). Pubic hair growth and axillary hair growth usually follow breast development in the sequence of pubertal changes. Therefore, the first noticeable change indicating the onset of puberty in females is the development of breast buds.

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