Nursing Elites

1. At a well-child visit, parents ask the nurse how to know if a daycare facility is a good choice for their infant. Which observation should the nurse stress as especially important to consider when making the selection?

• A. Developmentally appropriate toys
• B. Nutritious snacks served to the children
• C. Handwashing by providers after diaper changes
• D. Certified caregivers for each of the age groups at the facility

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Ensuring that providers practice proper handwashing after diaper changes is crucial in preventing the spread of infections and maintaining a hygienic environment for the infants.

2. The nurse is caring for a child with the following order: Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) 20 mg IV, every 6 hours. The nurse has Methylprednisolone 100 mg in 2 mL available. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose?

• A. 0.4 mL
• B. 0.2 mL
• C. 0.5 mL
• D. 0.6 mL

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct dosage to administer 20 mg is 0.4 mL, calculated by dividing the dose (20 mg) by the concentration (100 mg in 2 mL). This calculation ensures the accurate administration of the prescribed medication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the provided concentration of the medication.

3. A major reason for the development of respiratory distress syndrome in the preterm infant is:

• A. Excessive surfactant
• B. Lack of surfactant
• C. Immature immune system
• D. Lack of body fat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lack of surfactant. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants is primarily due to a lack of surfactant, which is crucial for keeping the lungs inflated. Without adequate surfactant, the alveoli collapse, leading to breathing difficulties. Choice A, Excessive surfactant, is incorrect as RDS is caused by an insufficient amount of surfactant. Choice C, Immature immune system, and Choice D, Lack of body fat, are not directly related to the development of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants.

4. The nurse is discussing toddler development with a parent. Which intervention will foster the achievement of autonomy?

• A. Help the toddler complete tasks
• B. Encourage the toddler to do things for themselves when capable
• C. Provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children
• D. Help the toddler learn the difference between right and wrong

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging the toddler to do things for themselves when capable is the correct intervention to foster autonomy. This approach helps the toddler develop independence, self-confidence, and a sense of achievement. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on assisting rather than encouraging independence. Choice C is incorrect as playing with other children primarily fosters social skills, not necessarily autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as learning the difference between right and wrong is related to moral development, not autonomy.

5. During examination of a toddler's extremities, the nurse notes that the child is bowlegged. The nurse should recognize that this finding is which?

• A. Abnormal and requires further investigation
• B. Abnormal unless it occurs in conjunction with knock-knee
• C. Normal if the condition is unilateral or asymmetric
• D. Normal because the lower back and leg muscles are not yet well developed

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Bowleggedness is normal in toddlers due to the development of lower back and leg muscles. It usually resolves as the child grows.

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