the nurse is admitting a patient with a suspected fluid imbalance the most sensitive indicator of body fluid balance is

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI

1. The nurse is admitting a patient with a suspected fluid imbalance. The most sensitive indicator of body fluid balance is:

A. Daily weight
B. Serum sodium levels
C. Measured intake and output
D. Blood pressure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Daily weight is the most sensitive indicator of body fluid balance because it can show trends over time, helping in assessing the effectiveness of interventions and medications. While serum sodium levels provide objective data on electrolyte balance, they may not accurately reflect fluid balance, especially if a patient is dehydrated. Measured intake and output are crucial for assessing fluid balance, but it can be challenging to match the two due to various ways fluid is lost from the body. Blood pressure and other vital signs may not always be reliable indicators of fluid balance as they can be influenced by other factors beyond fluid status.

2. A newly graduated nurse is admitting a patient with a long history of emphysema. The new nurses preceptor is going over the patients past lab reports with the new nurse. The nurse takes note that the patients PaCO2 has been between 56 and 64 mm Hg for several months. The preceptor asks the new nurse why they will be cautious administering oxygen. What is the new nurses best response?

A. The patients calcium will rise dramatically due to pituitary stimulation.
B. Oxygen will increase the patients intracranial pressure and create confusion.
C. Oxygen may cause the patient to hyperventilate and become acidotic.
D. Using oxygen may result in the patient developing carbon dioxide narcosis and hypoxemia.

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. After teaching a client who was malnourished and is being discharged, a nurse assesses the clients understanding. Which statement indicates the client correctly understood teaching to decrease risk for the development of metabolic acidosis?

A. I will drink at least three glasses of milk each day.
B. . I will eat three well-balanced meals and a snack daily.
C. . I will not take pain medication and antihistamines together.
D. I will avoid salting my food when cooking or during meals.

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

4. You are doing discharge teaching with a patient who has hypophosphatemia during his time in hospital. The patient has a diet ordered that is high in phosphate. What foods would you teach this patient to include in his diet? Select all that do not apply

A. Milk
B. Beef
C. Poultry
D. Liver

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

5. Where is the largest volume of water in the body located?

A. Plasma
B. The fluid inside the cells
C. Interstitial fluid
D. Lymph

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The largest volume of water in the body is found inside the cells, known as intracellular fluid. This fluid makes up the majority of the body's total water content. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while plasma, interstitial fluid, and lymph are important components of the body's fluid compartments, they do not contain the largest volume of water in the body.