ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A patient has questioned the nurses administration of IV normal saline, asking whether sterile water would be a more appropriate choice than saltwater. Under what circumstances would the nurse administer electrolyte-free water intravenously?
- A. Never, because it rapidly enters red blood cells, causing them to rupture.
- B. When the patient is severely dehydrated resulting in neurologic signs and symptoms
- C. When the patient is in excess of calcium and/or magnesium ions
- D. When a patients fluid volume deficit is due to acute or chronic renal failure
Correct answer: Never, because it rapidly enters red blood cells, causing them to rupture.
Rationale:
2. A four-year-old child has a history of repeated otitis media despite antibiotic treatment. Which treatment measure should the nurse discuss with the parents?
- A. Antibiotic treatment
- B. Adenoidectomy
- C. The insertion of tympanostomy (pressure equalizing) tubes
- D. Tonsillectomy
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The insertion of tympanostomy (pressure equalizing) tubes. This treatment measure is appropriate for a child with recurrent otitis media as it helps drain fluid from the middle ear and prevent further infections. Adenoidectomy (choice B) involves the removal of the adenoids, which may not directly address the ear infections. Antibiotic treatment (choice A) has already been ineffective in this case, so alternative measures are necessary. Tonsillectomy (choice D) is not typically indicated for otitis media unless there are specific reasons such as enlarged tonsils contributing to the condition.
3. Why is environmental health more challenging than other variables related to an individual’s health?
- A. Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups.
- B. Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs.
- C. Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods and geography.
- D. Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Improving environmental health necessitates broader changes beyond individual actions, including social, economic, and political transformations to address root causes of environmental issues. These changes are crucial for sustainable improvements in environmental health outcomes.
4. An intubated patient is receiving continuous enteral feedings through a Salem sump tube at a rate of 60ml/hr. Gastric residuals have been 30-40ml when monitored Q4H. You check the gastric residual and aspirate 220ml. What is your first response to this finding?
- A. Notify the doctor immediately.
- B. Stop the feeding, and clamp the NG tube.
- C. Discard the 220ml, and clamp the NG tube.
- D. Give a prescribed GI stimulant such as metoclopramide (Reglan).
Correct answer: B
Rationale: If gastric residuals are high during continuous enteral feedings, the first response is to stop the feeding and clamp the NG tube.
5. Theorists who contend that powerful negative events in the first few years cannot be fully overcome by later, more positive ones emphasize __________.
- A. plasticity
- B. stability
- C. nurture
- D. discontinuity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Theorists who emphasize stability argue that powerful negative events early in life cannot be completely overcome by later, more positive experiences. They believe that early experiences have a lasting impact on development and are not easily erased or reversed by subsequent events. This perspective contrasts with the idea of plasticity, which suggests that development can be influenced by experiences at any point in life, and that individuals have the capacity for change and growth throughout the lifespan. 'Nurture' does not directly address the concept of overcoming negative events, while 'discontinuity' refers to developmental stages being separate and distinct, not the idea that negative events early in life persist despite later positive experiences.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI Basic
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI Basic
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 90 days access @ $149.99