Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a child who has a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Administer aspirin for pain.
• B. Apply ice to the affected area.
• C. Monitor the child’s weight daily.
• D. Limit the child's activity.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should monitor the child’s weight daily to assess the effectiveness of treatment for osteomyelitis and detect potential complications.

2. Which type of parenting style is associated with children who rank higher on many measures of social and cognitive development?

• A. Warm, responsive, positive
• B. Neutral, rigid, critical
• C. Absent, unstructured, negative
• D. Cold, neglectful, negative

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Research has shown that a warm, responsive, and positive parenting style is associated with children who rank higher on many measures of social and cognitive development. This style promotes secure attachment, emotional regulation, and overall well-being in children. In contrast, parenting styles characterized by neutrality, rigidity, negativity, or neglect have been linked to poorer outcomes in children's development. Understanding different parenting styles can help professionals tailor interventions to support families effectively and respectfully.

3. A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who has thrombocytopenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

• A. Administer aspirin as needed for fever.
• B. Avoid venipunctures whenever possible.
• C. Encourage the child to participate in contact sports.
• D. Administer ibuprofen for pain.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid venipunctures whenever possible.' Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Venipunctures can cause bleeding in these patients; therefore, they should be avoided whenever possible. Choice A is incorrect because aspirin should be avoided in patients with thrombocytopenia as it can further increase the risk of bleeding due to its antiplatelet effects. Choice C is incorrect because participating in contact sports can also increase the risk of injury and bleeding in a child with thrombocytopenia. Choice D is incorrect as ibuprofen, like aspirin, can also increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided in these patients.

4. A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory report of an infant who is receiving treatment for severe dehydration. The professional should identify which of the following laboratory values indicates effectiveness of the current treatment?

• A. Potassium 2.9 mEq/L
• B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
• C. Urine specific gravity 1.035
• D. BUN 25 mg/dL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A sodium level of 140 mEq/L within the expected reference range indicates effective treatment for dehydration. In dehydration, sodium levels are often elevated, so a normal sodium level suggests that the treatment is helping to restore the electrolyte balance in the infant's body.

5. The patient taking warfarin for prevention of deep vein thrombosis has an INR of 1.2. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

• A. Administer IV push protamine sulfate
• B. Continue with the current prescription.
• C. Prepare to administer Vitamin K
• D. Call healthcare provider to increase the dose

Correct answer: D

Rationale: An INR level of 1.2 is below the therapeutic range (2-3) for warfarin therapy. Therefore, the nurse should contact the healthcare provider to discuss the need for an increased dose to achieve the desired therapeutic range and prevent deep vein thrombosis effectively. Administering IV push protamine sulfate is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not warfarin. Continuing with the current prescription without addressing the subtherapeutic INR level may not effectively prevent deep vein thrombosis. Administering Vitamin K is indicated for warfarin overdose leading to excessive anticoagulation, not for a subtherapeutic INR level that is below the target range.

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