the mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning the nurse suspects foreign b

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. The mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning. The nurse suspects foreign body ingestion. What physiologic occurrence is most likely responsible for the presenting signs?

A. Gastrointestinal perforation may have occurred.
B. The object may have been aspirated.
C. The object may be lodged in the esophagus.
D. The object may be embedded in the stomach wall.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The symptoms of gagging and drooling suggest that the foreign object is likely lodged in the esophagus. This can cause significant discomfort and potential complications, requiring immediate medical evaluation.

2. When assessing a child with leukemia, which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

A. Petechiae, fever, fatigue
B. Headache, papilledema, irritability
C. Muscle wasting, weight loss, fatigue
D. Decreased intracranial pressure, psychosis, confusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Petechiae, fever, fatigue. Children with leukemia commonly present with petechiae (due to low platelet count), fever (due to infection), and fatigue (due to anemia), which are classic manifestations of the disease. Option B is incorrect because headache, papilledema, and irritability are more indicative of increased intracranial pressure, not leukemia. Option C is incorrect as muscle wasting and weight loss are not typical initial manifestations of leukemia in children. Option D is incorrect as decreased intracranial pressure, psychosis, and confusion are not commonly associated with leukemia.

3. The parents of a 5-year-old child ask the nurse how they can minimize misbehavior. Which responses should the nurse give? (Select all that apply.)

A. Set clear and reasonable goals
B. Teach desirable behavior through your own example
C. Donâ€™t call attention to unacceptable behavior
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Setting clear goals, praising good behavior, and modeling appropriate behavior are effective strategies for minimizing misbehavior in children.

4. What statement best describes Hirschsprung disease?

A. The colon has an aganglionic segment.
B. It results in frequent evacuation of solids, liquid, and gas.
C. The neonate passes excessive amounts of meconium.
D. It results in excessive peristaltic movements within the gastrointestinal tract.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hirschsprung disease is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in a segment of the colon, leading to a lack of peristalsis and obstruction. The other options do not accurately describe this condition.