ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B
1. What should the healthcare provider consider when providing support to a family whose infant has just been diagnosed with biliary atresia?
- A. The prognosis for full recovery is excellent.
- B. Death usually occurs by 6 months of age.
- C. Liver transplantation may be needed eventually.
- D. Children with surgical correction live normal lives.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When supporting a family whose infant has been diagnosed with biliary atresia, it is important to consider that liver transplantation may be needed eventually. Biliary atresia is a serious condition where bile flow from the liver to the gallbladder is blocked or absent. While surgical interventions like the Kasai procedure can temporarily improve bile flow and delay the need for transplantation, the long-term survival often depends on liver transplantation as the child grows older. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the prognosis for full recovery is not excellent as biliary atresia is a chronic condition that often requires ongoing medical management, death usually does not occur by 6 months of age but the condition does require intervention, and not all children with surgical correction can live normal lives without the need for further interventions like transplantation.
2. A client with osteoporosis is being taught by a nurse about preventing bone loss. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take a calcium supplement once a day.
- B. Avoid weight-bearing exercises.
- C. Walk for 30 minutes 3 times per week.
- D. Increase intake of high-phosphorus foods.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Walk for 30 minutes 3 times per week.' Walking is a weight-bearing exercise that helps prevent bone loss and improve overall health in clients with osteoporosis. Option A is incorrect because while calcium is essential for bone health, simply taking a supplement is not sufficient for preventing bone loss. Option B is incorrect because weight-bearing exercises are actually beneficial for improving bone density and strength. Option D is incorrect because high-phosphorus foods do not play a significant role in preventing bone loss in osteoporosis.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Administer the injection into the muscle of your thigh.
- B. Pinch the skin before inserting the needle.
- C. Rub the injection site after administering the medication.
- D. Administer the injection into the fat tissue of your abdomen.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for self-administration of enoxaparin is to inject it into the fat tissue of the abdomen for proper absorption. Choice A is incorrect as enoxaparin should not be injected into the muscle. Choice B is unnecessary for enoxaparin administration. Choice C is incorrect as rubbing the injection site after administering the medication is not recommended.
4. While using technique of motivational interviewing with a college student engaged in binge drinking several times per week, the public health RN should begin with which intervention:
- A. Discussing how the student is managing his overall academic studies since drinking has become a problem
- B. Explaining to the student the full range of harmful impacts binge drinking has on the body and mind
- C. Asking open-ended questions and actively listening to the student while trying to remove any judgement
- D. Asking the student to make a validated survey that reveals attitudes and knowledge about binge drinking
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Asking open-ended questions and actively listening without judgement is a key technique in motivational interviewing.
5. Which of the following patients is at greater risk for contracting an infection?
- A. A patient with leukopenia
- B. A patient receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics
- C. A postoperative patient who has undergone orthopedic surgery
- D. A newly diagnosed diabetic patient
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Leukopenia, characterized by low white blood cell count, significantly reduces the body's ability to fight infections. Patients with leukopenia are at a higher risk of contracting infections due to compromised immune defenses.
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