Nursing Elites

1. The home health nurse visits older adult clients at an assisted living center. Which foods should the nurse recommend to correct the main nutrient deficits for this population?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Oily fish and krill oil
• C. Yellow vegetables
• D. Dairy products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dairy products. Older adults are often deficient in calcium and vitamin D, which are abundant in dairy products. These nutrients are essential for maintaining bone health. Choice A (Carbohydrates) is incorrect because while carbohydrates are an essential nutrient, they are not specifically addressing the main nutrient deficits for older adults. Choice B (Oily fish and krill oil) is incorrect as these foods are sources of omega-3 fatty acids and not specifically addressing the main nutrient deficits common in older adults. Choice C (Yellow vegetables) is incorrect because although vegetables are important for overall health, they do not directly address the main nutrient deficits typically seen in older adults.

2. A nurse is instructing teenage girls on the importance of adequate calcium intake throughout their life span to prevent complications. Which complication should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Goiter
• B. Osteoporosis
• C. Heart disease
• D. Dental caries

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake throughout life helps prevent osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, which is common in older adults. Goiter is caused by an iodine deficiency, not calcium. Heart disease is more related to factors like cholesterol and blood pressure. Dental caries are primarily influenced by oral hygiene and sugar intake, not just calcium.

3. What is the term for mobilizing people to become aware of their own problems and to take action to solve them?

• A. Community Organizing
• B. Family Nursing Care Plan
• C. Nursing Intervention
• D. Nursing Process

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Community Organizing. This involves engaging and mobilizing individuals in a community or group to take action for the mutual benefit or to solve common problems. The options 'Family Nursing Care Plan', 'Nursing Intervention', and 'Nursing Process' are incorrect as these terms refer to specific nursing practices and methods, not the broader action of mobilizing and engaging a community to solve its own problems. Moreover, the provided rationale does not match the original question and correct answer. It instead describes the proactive and preventative nature of nursing care, which is unrelated to the concept of community organizing.

4. What level of sodium restriction would be included as part of nutrition therapy for heart failure?

• A. Less than 500 mg per day
• B. 1000 mg to 1500 mg per day
• C. 1500 mg to 3000 mg per day
• D. 3000 to 3500 mg per day

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 1500 mg to 3000 mg per day. This is the level of sodium restriction typically recommended for heart failure patients. It helps manage fluid retention and reduce blood pressure, which are both crucial in treating heart failure. A sodium intake of less than 500 mg per day (Choice A) might be too restrictive and is not typically recommended. Similarly, an intake of 1000 mg to 1500 mg per day (Choice B) falls short of the recommended range. Lastly, an intake of 3000 to 3500 mg per day (Choice D) exceeds the recommended upper limit, potentially exacerbating fluid retention and high blood pressure.

5. Which of the following should a patient with a history of chronic pancreatitis avoid?

• A. Low-fat dairy
• B. Lean meats
• C. High-fiber vegetables
• D. Alcohol

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Alcohol. Alcohol consumption can exacerbate chronic pancreatitis due to its detrimental effects on the pancreas. Conversely, options A, B, and C: Low-fat dairy, Lean meats, and High-fiber vegetables, are generally recommended for patients with chronic pancreatitis. These dietary options are easier on the pancreas and less likely to provoke symptoms. Therefore, they are incorrect choices in this context.

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