Nursing Elites

1. The home health nurse visits older adult clients at an assisted living center. Which foods should the nurse recommend to correct the main nutrient deficits for this population?

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Oily fish and krill oil
• C. Yellow vegetables
• D. Dairy products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dairy products. Older adults are often deficient in calcium and vitamin D, which are abundant in dairy products. These nutrients are essential for maintaining bone health. Choice A (Carbohydrates) is incorrect because while carbohydrates are an essential nutrient, they are not specifically addressing the main nutrient deficits for older adults. Choice B (Oily fish and krill oil) is incorrect as these foods are sources of omega-3 fatty acids and not specifically addressing the main nutrient deficits common in older adults. Choice C (Yellow vegetables) is incorrect because although vegetables are important for overall health, they do not directly address the main nutrient deficits typically seen in older adults.

2. As a nurse, you can help improve the effectiveness of communication among healthcare givers by:

• A. Use of reminders of ‘what to do’
• B. Using standardized list of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols
• C. One-on-one oral endorsement
• D. Text messaging and e-mail

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. In consideration of the steps in applying the bag technique, which side of the paper lining of the CHN bag is considered clean to make a non-contaminated work area?

• A. The lower lip
• B. The outer surface
• C. The upper tip
• D. The inside surface

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has just learned that she has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should explain that which of the following sweeteners will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count?

• A. Sorbitol
• B. Sucralose
• C. Aspartame
• D. Acesulfame potassium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sorbitol is a sweetener that will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count. It is a sugar alcohol that provides about 2.6 calories per gram. Sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium are all non-nutritive sweeteners that do not contribute significant calories to the diet. Sucralose is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose but does not add calories. Aspartame is a low-calorie sweetener that is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and acesulfame potassium is a calorie-free sweetener.

5. Which of the following foods provides the most protein?

• A. Beans
• B. Red peppers
• C. Asparagus
• D. Celery

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Beans.' Beans are a rich source of plant-based protein, making them the best option among the listed foods for protein content. Red peppers, asparagus, and celery are not significant sources of protein compared to beans, hence they are incorrect choices for this question.

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