the function of villi and microvilli in the gi tract is to

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. What is the function of villi and microvilli in the GI tract?

A. produce bile
B. kill bacteria
C. produce vitamin K
D. increase the surface area for absorption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Villi and microvilli in the GI tract serve to increase the surface area of the small intestine, aiding in the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as villi and microvilli are primarily involved in enhancing absorption, not in producing bile, killing bacteria, or producing vitamin K.

2. What characterizes Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

A. Uncontrollable impulse to perform an act or ritual repeatedly
B. Persistent thoughts and behavior
C. Recurring unwanted and disturbing thoughts
D. Pathological persistence of unwilled thoughts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by the uncontrollable impulse to perform an act or ritual repeatedly (Choice A). This is driven by recurring unwanted and disturbing thoughts (Choice C), but the distinguishing factor is the compulsive behavior, making choice A the most accurate. While choice B can be seen as true, it lacks the specific detail of the compulsive behavior that makes A a better answer. Choice D is not incorrect, but it uses terminology that is less precise and less commonly used to describe OCD, making it a less accurate choice than A. The provided rationale is not relevant to the question.

3. A community health nurse is conducting a class on what to expect during pregnancy. What instruction should the nurse include on weight gain?

A. Failure to obtain the required weight gain during pregnancy will increase the risk of preterm birth.
B. An obese client should not gain as much weight as a client with a normal body mass index.
C. A client with a normal body mass index should plan on gaining 50 pounds.
D. Clients do not need to eat for two when they are pregnant.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Adequate weight gain during pregnancy is essential as failure to obtain the required weight gain can increase the risk of preterm birth. Choice B is incorrect because it is important for obese clients to gain an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy, not the same as those with a normal body mass index. Choice C is incorrect as gaining 50 pounds for a client with a normal body mass index is excessive. Choice D is incorrect as the common saying 'eating for two' during pregnancy is a misconception; pregnant individuals do not need to double their caloric intake.

4. Which nutrient is critical for wound healing and immune function?

A. Vitamin B12
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin C is essential for collagen formation and immune function.

5. A healthcare provider is teaching a client about nutritional requirements necessary to promote wound healing. Which of the following nutrients should the provider include in the teaching?

A. Protein
B. Calcium
C. Vitamin B1
D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Protein is crucial for wound healing as it plays a vital role in tissue repair and synthesis. Calcium is important for bone health but not directly related to wound healing. Vitamin B1 is essential for energy production but not specifically significant for wound healing. Vitamin D is essential for bone health and immune function but is not a primary nutrient emphasized for wound healing.