the function of villi and microvilli in the gi tract is to

ATI RN

Proctored Nutrition ATI

1. What is the function of villi and microvilli in the GI tract?

A. produce bile
B. kill bacteria
C. produce vitamin K
D. increase the surface area for absorption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Villi and microvilli in the GI tract serve to increase the surface area of the small intestine, aiding in the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as villi and microvilli are primarily involved in enhancing absorption, not in producing bile, killing bacteria, or producing vitamin K.

2. In the hospital, when you need the medical record of a discharged patient for research you will request permission through:

A. Doctor in charge
B. The hospital director
C. The nursing service
D. Medical records section

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. Which statement indicates understanding of a low-fiber diet?

A. I can cut up carrots and celery sticks for my lunch.
B. I will eat a bran muffin for my mid-morning snack.
C. I will have oatmeal with skim milk for my breakfast.
D. I should choose canned peaches for my fruit serving.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because canned peaches are low in fiber compared to the other options provided. Option A contains high-fiber vegetables (carrots and celery), option B includes a bran muffin which is fiber-rich, and option C involves oatmeal which is also a good source of fiber. Therefore, choosing canned peaches aligns with a low-fiber diet.

4. The nurse is completing a nutritional assessment on a client. Which statement made by the client is most concerning to the nurse?

A. "I notice when I take a vitamin E supplement, I bruise more easily."
B. "I work nights and rarely go outside during the day."
C. "I take warfarin, so I need to limit the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat."
D. "My vitamin supplement has the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A."

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Excessive intake of vitamin E can increase the risk of bleeding as it acts as a blood thinner. Bruising easily may indicate too much vitamin E. Choice B is not as concerning as it describes a lifestyle that may lead to vitamin D deficiency due to lack of sunlight exposure. Choice C shows awareness of the interaction between warfarin and vitamin K, which is expected. Choice D indicates knowledge of the vitamin A content in the supplement, which is not a cause for concern.