ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology 101
1. The cognitive perspective contends that to fully understand human behavior, psychologists need to focus attention on?
- A. The role of the unconscious.
- B. Internal mental events.
- C. The interrelations among the mind, body, and behavior.
- D. The adaptive value of a behavior.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The cognitive perspective emphasizes understanding human behavior by focusing on internal mental events such as thoughts, beliefs, and perceptions. This helps in explaining how individuals process information, solve problems, and make decisions. Choice A, the role of the unconscious, is associated with psychoanalytic theory rather than the cognitive perspective. Choice C, the interrelations among the mind, body, and behavior, is more aligned with a holistic or biopsychosocial perspective. Choice D, the adaptive value of a behavior, is more related to evolutionary psychology rather than the cognitive perspective.
2. In which frame of reference do activities involve responses to movement, balance, weight bearing, and tactile activities?
- A. Motor control/motor learning
- B. Ayres' sensory integration
- C. Neurodevelopmental treatment
- D. Developmental
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ayres' sensory integration focuses on activities that target responses to movement, balance, weight bearing, and tactile stimuli to improve sensory processing and integration. This approach aims to address sensory challenges through structured activities to enhance overall function and participation. Motor control/motor learning (Choice A) deals with the control and coordination of voluntary movements. Neurodevelopmental treatment (Choice C) focuses on facilitating normal movement patterns and postural control. Developmental (Choice D) refers to the natural sequence of growth and development in children.
3. A school-age child has a new prescription for Atomoxetine. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Kidney toxicity
- B. Liver damage
- C. Seizure activity
- D. Adrenal insufficiency
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Liver damage is an adverse effect of Atomoxetine. The nurse should monitor for manifestations such as jaundice, upper abdominal tenderness, darkening of urine, and elevated liver enzymes. It is crucial to be vigilant for signs of liver damage to ensure early detection and intervention to prevent further complications. Kidney toxicity is not a common adverse effect of Atomoxetine. Seizure activity and adrenal insufficiency are also not typically associated with this medication.
4. Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (D.O.T.S.) can do all of the following except:
- A. Stop resistance to anti-TB drugs
- B. Cure TB patients
- C. Require hospitalization
- D. Prevent new infection among children and adults
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (D.O.T.S.) is an effective strategy for treating tuberculosis (TB) that involves ensuring patients receive and complete their medication regimen under observation. DOTS aims to cure TB patients, stop resistance to anti-TB drugs, and prevent new infections among children and adults. One of the key advantages of DOTS is that it does not require hospitalization, allowing patients to receive treatment in their communities. Therefore, the statement that DOTS requires hospitalization is incorrect, making option C the correct answer.
5. A client with cholecystitis is being taught about required dietary modifications. Which of the following foods is appropriate for the client's diet?
- A. Creamed chicken
- B. Roast turkey
- C. Ice cream
- D. Macaroni and cheese
Correct answer: Roast turkey
Rationale: Roast turkey is the most appropriate choice for a client with cholecystitis. Foods that are high in fat content, like creamed chicken, ice cream, and macaroni and cheese, should be avoided in cholecystitis as they can exacerbate symptoms due to the reduced ability of the gallbladder to process fats. Roast turkey is a leaner option that is better tolerated by individuals with cholecystitis.
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