Nursing Elites

1. What is the condition called when the client's pupils are different sizes and have been this way since childhood?

• A. Exophthalmos
• B. Anisocoria
• C. Strabismus
• D. Scleral edema

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Anisocoria is the correct answer. Anisocoria is the condition of having pupils of different sizes. Exophthalmos refers to abnormal protrusion of the eyeball, not pupil size difference. Strabismus is a condition where the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. Scleral edema is swelling of the sclera, the white part of the eye, and not related to differing pupil sizes.

2. A client is recovering from a fractured radius that occurred 7weeks ago. Which state of bone healing occurs at this time as the callus is restored and transformed into bone?

• A. Stage 3
• B. Stage 5
• C. Stage 1
• D. Stage 4

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. The client with RA complains of intensely dry eyes. What does the nurse suspect?

• A. Systemic sclerosis
• B. Sjogren's syndrome
• C. Chron's disease
• D. Discoid lupus

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. The client states, “the doctor says I am nearsighted. I do not get it.” What would be the best response by the nurse?

• A. I am sorry you did not understand. Would you like a different doctor?
• B. Nearsighted, or myopia means that you have difficulty seeing things at a distance.
• C. You will need to have glasses.
• D. This means you won’t ever need glasses.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct response is to explain to the client what nearsightedness means, which is having difficulty seeing distant objects, as known as myopia. Choice A is not helpful as changing doctors is not necessary for this situation. Choice C is premature as wearing glasses is a possible solution but not the only one. Choice D is incorrect as nearsightedness (myopia) often requires glasses for correction.

5. A client with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?

• A. An opportunistic infection
• B. A root cause infection
• C. A pathogenic infection
• D. A nosocomial infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opportunistic infection. In patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infections like pneumonia are considered opportunistic because they take advantage of a weakened immune system. Option B, root cause infection, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of the infection in relation to the patient's condition. Option C, pathogenic infection, is incorrect because while pneumonia is caused by pathogens, in the context of HIV, it is specifically termed as an opportunistic infection. Option D, nosocomial infection, is also incorrect as it refers to infections acquired in a healthcare setting, not related to the patient's HIV status.

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