ATI RN
Multi Dimensional Care | Final Exam
1. What is the condition called when the client's pupils are different sizes and have been this way since childhood?
- A. Exophthalmos
- B. Anisocoria
- C. Strabismus
- D. Scleral edema
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Anisocoria is the correct answer. Anisocoria is the condition of having pupils of different sizes. Exophthalmos refers to abnormal protrusion of the eyeball, not pupil size difference. Strabismus is a condition where the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. Scleral edema is swelling of the sclera, the white part of the eye, and not related to differing pupil sizes.
2. Which surgical procedure involves grafting a blood vessel to bypass a blocked artery in the heart?
- A. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
- B. Valve replacement
- C. Stent placement
- D. Angioplasty
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). This surgical procedure involves grafting a blood vessel to bypass a blocked coronary artery, improving blood flow to the heart muscle. Choice B, Valve replacement, is a procedure to replace a damaged heart valve and is not directly related to bypassing blocked arteries. Choice C, Stent placement, involves inserting a mesh tube to keep blocked arteries open and is different from grafting a blood vessel. Choice D, Angioplasty, is a procedure to widen narrowed or blocked arteries, typically using a balloon catheter, and does not involve grafting a blood vessel.
3. When educating a client prescribed diazepam for anxiety, which statement indicates an accurate understanding of the medication?
- A. I should take this medication only when I feel anxious.
- B. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
- C. I should avoid driving until I know how this medication affects me.
- D. I can stop taking this medication abruptly if I feel better.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Clients prescribed diazepam for anxiety should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication. Alcohol can potentiate the side effects of diazepam, such as drowsiness and dizziness, increasing the risk of harm. Choice A is incorrect because diazepam is typically taken regularly as prescribed, not just when feeling anxious. Choice C is also important but not directly related to the medication itself. Choice D is dangerous advice; stopping diazepam abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should only be done under medical supervision.
4. A client has a new prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. You should avoid taking this medication with antacids.
- C. Take your pulse before taking this medication.
- D. You should contact your provider if you experience visual changes.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement for the nurse to include when teaching a client about digoxin is to 'Take your pulse before taking this medication.' This is essential because clients taking digoxin need to monitor their pulse to detect signs of bradycardia, a common adverse effect of the medication. Option A is incorrect because digoxin is usually recommended to be taken with food to avoid gastrointestinal upset. Option B is incorrect because antacids can interfere with the absorption of digoxin. Option D is incorrect because contacting the provider for visual changes is important, but monitoring the pulse is crucial for digoxin administration.
5. When __________, newborn Takeo's toes should fan out and curl as his foot twists in.
- A. a bright light shines in his eyes
- B. his bare foot touches a flat surface
- C. his cheek is stroked near the corner of his mouth
- D. the sole of his foot is stroked from toe to heel
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the description of the twisting and fanning out of newborn Takeo's toes suggests the Babinski reflex, which is typically elicited by stroking the sole of the foot from toe to heel. The Babinski reflex is a normal response in newborns and indicates proper neurological development. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not elicit the specific response described in the question.
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