ATI RN
Multi Dimensional Care | Exam | Rasmusson
1. The nurse suspects a 3-year-old who is coughing vigorously has aspirated a small object. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Deliver upward abdominal thrusts with a fisted hand
- B. Perform a blind finger sweep of the child's mouth
- C. Complete five rapid back blows between the shoulder blades
- D. Encourage the child to continue coughing
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
2. What is an infectious disease that can be transmitted directly from one person to another?
- A. A communicable disease
- B. A portal of exit from the reservoir
- C. A susceptible host
- D. A portal of entry to a host
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
3. A nurse is assessing a client with hallux valgus. What is another term for this assessment finding?
- A. Thoracic deformity
- B. A bunion
- C. A corn
- D. Metacarpal involvement
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hallux valgus is commonly known as a bunion, which is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. A) Thoracic deformity is unrelated to hallux valgus. C) A corn is a thickened area of skin on the foot, not synonymous with hallux valgus. D) Metacarpal involvement refers to the hand, not the foot where hallux valgus occurs.
4. Death of bone tissue can occur when the blood supply to the bone is disrupted. What is this complication called?
- A. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
- B. Avascular necrosis
- C. Delayed union
- D. Complex regional pain syndrome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, avascular necrosis. Avascular necrosis is the condition where bone tissue dies due to the disruption of blood supply to the bone. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (Choice A) is a chronic pain condition, delayed union (Choice C) refers to a delayed healing of a fracture, and complex regional pain syndrome (Choice D) is a chronic pain condition typically affecting an arm or leg.
5. A client with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?
- A. An opportunistic infection
- B. A root cause infection
- C. A pathogenic infection
- D. A nosocomial infection
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opportunistic infection. In patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infections like pneumonia are considered opportunistic because they take advantage of a weakened immune system. Option B, root cause infection, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of the infection in relation to the patient's condition. Option C, pathogenic infection, is incorrect because while pneumonia is caused by pathogens, in the context of HIV, it is specifically termed as an opportunistic infection. Option D, nosocomial infection, is also incorrect as it refers to infections acquired in a healthcare setting, not related to the patient's HIV status.
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