ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions
1. The client with a colostomy has an order for irrigation of the colostomy. The nurse uses which solution for the irrigation?
- A. Distilled water
- B. Tap water
- C. Sterile water
- D. Lactated Ringer’s
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct solution to use for the irrigation of a colostomy is warm tap water or saline solution. If tap water is not suitable for drinking, bottled water can be used. Distilled water, sterile water, and Lactated Ringer’s are not appropriate solutions for colostomy irrigation. Distilled water lacks essential minerals, sterile water may not provide adequate cleaning, and Lactated Ringer’s is not indicated for this procedure.
2. A 45-year-old diabetic male is experiencing erectile dysfunction. If his erectile dysfunction is caused by the nervous system, then the nurse can educate the client that the venous blood supply to the penis is controlled by:
- A. Sympathetic nerves.
- B. Parasympathetic nerves.
- C. Somatic nerves.
- D. Spinal reflexes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Erectile function is primarily controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, which facilitates the dilation of blood vessels in the penis. The parasympathetic nerves are responsible for vasodilation in the penis, allowing blood to enter and creating an erection. Sympathetic nerves, on the other hand, are responsible for ejaculation by causing contraction of the muscles around the vas deferens. Somatic nerves are involved in sensation and movement, not specifically in controlling blood supply to the penis. Spinal reflexes can play a role in the erectile process, but they are not directly responsible for controlling the venous blood supply.
3. What is a recommended nursing action for a client who experiences short-term memory loss after Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?
- A. Provide cognitive-behavioral therapy
- B. Offer frequent orientation and reassurance
- C. Administer a sedative to improve memory recall
- D. Refer the client to a neurologist for further evaluation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct nursing action for a client experiencing short-term memory loss after ECT is to offer frequent orientation and reassurance. This helps the client feel supported and aids in memory retention. Providing cognitive-behavioral therapy (Choice A) may be beneficial for other conditions but is not the primary intervention for memory loss post-ECT. Administering a sedative (Choice C) is not recommended as it may further affect memory recall. Referring the client to a neurologist (Choice D) for further evaluation is not the initial action needed; offering support and orientation should be the first approach to manage memory issues post-ECT.
4. Which best describes an effective approach to community health assessment?
- A. Using standardized assessment tools
- B. Collecting qualitative and quantitative data
- C. Engaging community members in the assessment process
- D. Analyzing health trends over time
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Engaging community members in the assessment process is crucial for an effective community health assessment. By involving community members, the assessment becomes more comprehensive, inclusive, and reflective of the actual needs and priorities of the community. This approach helps in gathering insights, perspectives, and first-hand experiences that may not be captured through standardized tools or data analysis alone. Community engagement fosters trust, collaboration, and empowerment within the community, leading to more meaningful and sustainable health interventions.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect to be elevated?
- A. Hemoglobin
- B. Bilirubin
- C. Amylase
- D. Creatinine
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Amylase. Amylase levels are elevated in clients with acute pancreatitis due to inflammation of the pancreas. Elevated hemoglobin (choice A) is not typically associated with acute pancreatitis. Bilirubin (choice B) may be elevated in conditions affecting the liver, not specifically in acute pancreatitis. Creatinine (choice D) is a marker of kidney function and is not directly related to acute pancreatitis.
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