ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
1. The client asks about side effects of taking digoxin. How does the nurse respond?
- A. Anorexia can be a side effect of digoxin.
- B. Tachycardia can be a side effect of digoxin.
- C. Constipation can be a side effect of digoxin.
- D. Urinary retention can be a side effect of digoxin.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Anorexia can be a side effect of digoxin.' Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are commonly known side effects of digoxin. Choice B, 'Tachycardia can be a side effect of digoxin,' is incorrect as digoxin is used to treat tachycardia, not cause it. Choice C, 'Constipation can be a side effect of digoxin,' is incorrect as constipation is not a typical side effect of digoxin. Choice D, 'Urinary retention can be a side effect of digoxin,' is also incorrect as urinary retention is not a common side effect associated with digoxin use.
2. A client is being taught by a nurse about the correct use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). What instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Inhale for 1 second
- B. Hold the inhaler 1-2 inches from the mouth
- C. Exhale immediately after inhaling
- D. Hold the inhaler directly at the lips
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include when teaching a client about using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is to hold the inhaler 1-2 inches from the mouth. This distance ensures proper delivery of the medication into the airways. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because inhaling for a specific duration, exhaling immediately after inhaling, or holding the inhaler directly at the lips are not recommended practices for the correct use of an MDI.
3. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Lithium, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day.
- B. Maintain a consistent sodium intake.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Expect to have frequent headaches.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining a consistent sodium intake is crucial when taking Lithium to help regulate lithium levels in the body and prevent toxicity. Sodium levels can impact the effectiveness and safety of Lithium therapy. Restricting fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day (Choice A) is not appropriate and could lead to dehydration. Taking the medication at bedtime (Choice C) may vary depending on the individual's schedule but is not a critical instruction. Expecting to have frequent headaches (Choice D) is not a common side effect of Lithium.
4. What is the major difference between managers and leaders?
- A. Leaders usually have legitimate power.
- B. Leaders do not necessarily make good managers.
- C. Managers are not always leaders.
- D. Managers always have legitimate power.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The major difference between managers and leaders is that managers always have legitimate power. This is because managers derive their authority from their position within an organization, giving them legitimate power over subordinates. On the other hand, leaders do not always have legitimate power; their influence may come from various sources such as expertise, charisma, or the ability to inspire others. Choice A is incorrect because not all leaders necessarily have legitimate power. Choice B is incorrect as it is a generalization that leaders do not make good managers, which is not always the case. Choice C is incorrect as there can be managers who are also effective leaders.
5. Which of the following is a key principle of team nursing?
- A. Decentralized decision making
- B. Centralized decision making
- C. Individual accountability
- D. Shared responsibility
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Shared responsibility.' Team nursing emphasizes shared responsibility among team members for patient care. This approach promotes collaboration and coordination among healthcare professionals to deliver comprehensive and holistic care. Choices A and B are incorrect because team nursing typically involves collaborative decision-making rather than centralized or decentralized decision-making. Choice C, 'Individual accountability,' does not align with the collaborative nature of team nursing, where responsibility is shared among team members rather than falling solely on individuals.
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