Nursing Elites

1. The apnea monitor alarm sounds on a neonate for the third time during this shift. What is the priority action by the nurse?

• A. Provide tactile stimulation.
• B. Administer 100% oxygen.
• C. Investigate possible causes of a false alarm.
• D. Assess infant for color and presence of respirations.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The priority action for the nurse when the apnea monitor alarm sounds on a neonate is to assess the infant for color and the presence of respirations. This initial assessment helps determine the infant's respiratory status and the need for immediate intervention. Providing tactile stimulation or administering oxygen should only be done after assessing the infant's respiratory status. Investigating possible causes of a false alarm comes after ensuring the infant's well-being through the initial assessment.

2. What signs and symptoms are indicative of a urinary tract disorder in the infancy period (1-24 months)? (Select all that apply.)

• A. All below
• B. Poor feeding
• C. Hypothermia
• D. Frequent urination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In infants, urinary tract disorders may present with poor feeding, hypothermia, and frequent urination. Pallor can be associated with other conditions but is less specific to urinary tract disorders.

3. A child diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital. The parents ask the nurse what aplastic anemia is. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

• A. Aplastic anemia causes a proliferation of white blood cells.
• B. Aplastic anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells.
• C. Aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells.
• D. Aplastic anemia is a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, leading to pancytopenia. This can result in fatigue, infections, and bleeding tendencies. It is not characterized by abnormal red blood cell shapes, but rather by a reduction in the production of blood cells. Therefore, the accurate response is that aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells. Choices A and B are incorrect as aplastic anemia does not cause a proliferation of white blood cells or involve abnormally shaped red blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as aplastic anemia is not typically a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.

4. As children grow and develop, their style of play changes. Which play style is seen in the preschooler?

• A. Solitary
• B. Associative
• C. Cooperative
• D. Parallel

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Associative. Associative play is common in preschoolers, where children engage in separate activities but interact by sharing toys and talking with each other. This stage is characterized by more social interaction than solitary play (option A), where children play alone without interacting with others. Cooperative play (option C) involves children working together towards a common goal, which is typically seen in older children. Parallel play (option D) is when children play alongside each other but do not actively engage with one another, which is more common in toddlers.

5. The nurse is teaching parents guidelines for feeding their 8-month-old infant with failure to thrive (FTT). Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. We will continue to use the 24-kcal/oz formula.
• B. We will be sure to follow the formula preparation instructions.
• C. We will be sure to give our infant at least 8 oz of juice every day.
• D. We will be sure to feed our infant according to the written schedule.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Providing 8 oz of juice daily is excessive for an 8-month-old infant and can displace other nutrient-rich foods or formulas that are necessary for growth, especially in an infant with FTT.

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