Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the act of performing beneficial services rather than harmful ones?

• A. Beneficence
• B. Disclosure
• C. Maleficence
• D. Justice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The term for the act of performing beneficial services rather than harmful ones is 'Beneficence'. Beneficence refers to actions that enhance the well-being of others. In the healthcare context, beneficence ensures that health services are advantageous and beneficial to patients. 'Disclosure' (choice B) is the act of revealing information, not directly related to whether actions are beneficial or harmful. 'Maleficence' (choice C) is the opposite of beneficence, involving actions that can cause damage or harm. 'Justice' (choice D) denotes fairness and equality, important in various contexts but not specifically related to performing beneficial services.

2. What is the recommended dietary intervention for a patient with hyperlipidemia?

• A. Increase saturated fat intake
• B. Reduce fiber intake
• C. Increase dietary fiber intake
• D. Reduce protein intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing dietary fiber can help reduce cholesterol levels in patients with hyperlipidemia.

3. What outcome has been shown to be a benefit of breastfeeding that directly impacts the mother?

• A. conserving calcium stores
• B. contracting the uterus
• C. protecting against future hypertension
• D. speeding the resumption of ovulation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, contracting the uterus. Breastfeeding helps contract the uterus after childbirth, reducing postpartum bleeding and helping the uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size more quickly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because conserving calcium stores, protecting against future hypertension, and speeding the resumption of ovulation are not direct benefits of breastfeeding to the mother.

4. The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning. What action should the nurse take first?

• A. Educate the client on safe food practices.
• B. Start a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak.
• C. Report the case to the county board of health.
• D. Ask the client if they have consumed any unpasteurized products.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning is to inquire if the client has consumed any unpasteurized products. This is crucial because Listeria contamination is often associated with unpasteurized dairy products and undercooked meats. Educating the client on safe food practices (Choice A) is important but not the priority at this initial assessment stage. Starting a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak (Choice B) and reporting the case to the county board of health (Choice C) are necessary actions but should come after gathering information directly from the client regarding potential exposure to high-risk foods.

5. Which adolescent student lunch, evaluated by the school nurse, is the least nutritious?

• A. Ham sandwich, apple, and milk
• B. Hamburger, fries, and soft drink
• C. Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches
• D. Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hamburger, fries, and soft drink. This meal is considered the least nutritious among the options provided due to its high content of unhealthy fats, processed carbohydrates, and added sugars, which lack essential nutrients. On the other hand, choice A: Ham sandwich, apple, and milk, offers a balanced meal with protein, fiber, vitamins, and calcium. Choice C: Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches, provides a mixture of carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits. Choice D: Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices, includes protein, fiber, and vitamins. Thus, all choices except B provide a more balanced and nutritious meal.

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