ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. Earliest sign of skin reaction to radiation therapy is:
- A. desquamation
- B. erythema
- C. atrophy
- D. pigmentation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
2. People at higher risk for drug-nutrient interactions include:
- A. Infants
- B. People with diabetes
- C. Women of childbearing age
- D. Older men and women
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Older men and women are at a higher risk for drug-nutrient interactions due to factors like polypharmacy, changes in metabolism, and physiological changes associated with aging. Infants are less likely to be exposed to a wide range of medications, reducing their risk. People with diabetes and women of childbearing age may have specific nutrient needs or considerations, but they are not typically at a higher risk for drug-nutrient interactions compared to older adults.
3. A client has a new prescription for Digoxin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Monitor your pulse before taking the medication.
- C. Expect to have an increased appetite.
- D. Discontinue the medication if you feel nauseated.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When educating a client about Digoxin, it is crucial to instruct them to monitor their pulse before taking the medication. Digoxin can lead to bradycardia, so monitoring the pulse is essential to ensure it is not below 60 beats per minute before taking each dose. If the pulse is low, the client should hold the dose and seek guidance from their healthcare provider. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking Digoxin with food may affect its absorption, Digoxin is not known to increase appetite, and feeling nauseated does not necessarily indicate the need to discontinue the medication.
4. Which of the following diagnostic tests should be performed annually over age 50 to screen for colon cancer?
- A. Abdominal CT scan
- B. Abdominal x-ray
- C. Colonoscopy
- D. Fecal occult blood test
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A fecal occult blood test should be performed annually for individuals over age 50 to screen for colon cancer.
5. A client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is receiving hemodialysis. Which assessment finding indicates a need for immediate action?
- A. Weight gain of 1 kg since the last dialysis session
- B. Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg
- C. Potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L
- D. Hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L is critically high and can lead to life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, requiring immediate intervention. Hyperkalemia is a common complication in clients with ESRD due to the kidneys' inability to excrete potassium effectively. High potassium levels can result in serious cardiac consequences such as arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and death. Prompt action is necessary to prevent these severe complications.