ATI RN
ATI Nutrition 2024 NGN Exam
1. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Decaffeinated coffee
- C. Peppermint
- D. Potatoes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potatoes. Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a good choice for minimizing heartburn in clients with GERD. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Orange juice and peppermint can exacerbate GERD symptoms due to their acidic or relaxing effects on the esophageal sphincter. Decaffeinated coffee, although lower in caffeine, is still acidic and can trigger heartburn in individuals with GERD.
2. A 58-year-old male patient has been hospitalized for a wedge resection of the left lower lung lobe after a routine chest x-ray shows carcinoma. The patient is anxious and asks if he can smoke. Which statement by the nurse would be most therapeutic?
- A. Smoking is the reason you are here.
- B. The doctor left orders for you not to smoke.
- C. You are anxious about the surgery. Do you see smoking as helping?
- D. Smoking is OK right now, but after your surgery it is contraindicated.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is the most therapeutic response as it acknowledges the patient's anxiety and encourages reflection on his behavior. This approach can help the patient explore his feelings and thoughts about smoking in relation to his surgery, promoting self-awareness and potentially opening the door for a constructive discussion. Choices A and B are more directive and may not address the underlying anxiety and need for reflection. Choice D is also somewhat permissive about smoking before surgery, which may not be in the patient's best interest.
3. During a manic episode, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage group activities to increase socialization.
- B. Provide a structured environment with limited stimuli.
- C. Allow the patient to engage in physical activities freely.
- D. Give the patient detailed and complex tasks to complete.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: During a manic episode, individuals may experience heightened energy levels and reduced impulse control. Providing a structured environment with limited stimuli is the most appropriate nursing intervention. This approach helps reduce excessive stimulation and potential triggers for further escalation of manic behavior. It promotes a calming and controlled setting, assisting in managing symptoms and promoting the patient's well-being. Encouraging group activities (Choice A) may lead to overstimulation, allowing the patient to engage in physical activities freely (Choice C) could be risky due to impulsivity, and giving detailed tasks (Choice D) might overwhelm the individual.
4. Why are anatomy and physiology difficult to separate?
- A. Physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
- B. Physiological functions in an organism are ongoing.
- C. Body parts provide structural support.
- D. Our understanding of physiology is changing more than our understanding of anatomy.
Correct answer: Physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
Rationale: Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because physiological functions depend on anatomical structures. The correct answer highlights the interdependence between the two disciplines; physiological functions are carried out by anatomical structures. Choice B is incorrect as it only states a characteristic of physiological functions without addressing the relationship with anatomy. Choice C is incorrect as it talks about body parts providing structural support, which is not directly related to the interdependence of anatomy and physiology. Choice D is incorrect because the rate of change in understanding does not necessarily dictate the difficulty of separating the two disciplines.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Prednisone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase your intake of vitamin
- B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- D. Take this medication every other day.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone can lead to bone loss, so clients should increase their intake of vitamin D and calcium to help maintain bone health.
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