ATI RN
ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam 2019
1. Salome was fitted a hearing aid. She understood the proper use and wear of this device when she says that the battery should be functional, the device is turned on and adjusted to a:
- A. therapeutic level
- B. comfortable level
- C. prescribed level
- D. audible level
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
2. A nurse is providing preventative information to a group of parents with toddlers about choking. Which food item should the nurse recommend for this age group?
- A. Banana slices
- B. Popcorn
- C. Hot dogs
- D. Carrot sticks
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Banana slices are the most suitable food option for toddlers to prevent choking. Toddlers are at a higher risk of choking due to their small airways and developing chewing abilities. Banana slices are soft, easy to chew, and less likely to cause choking compared to other options. Popcorn and hot dogs are common choking hazards for young children due to their shape and texture. While carrot sticks may be a healthy choice, they can also pose a choking risk due to their hardness and shape. Therefore, recommending banana slices to parents of toddlers is the safest choice to prevent choking incidents, making choice 'A' the correct answer. Choices 'B', 'C', and 'D' are incorrect because they can potentially cause choking in toddlers.
3. Which food is recommended for someone with lactose intolerance?
- A. Skim milk
- B. Cheese
- C. Lactose-free yogurt
- D. Whole milk
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Lactose-free yogurt is suitable for individuals with lactose intolerance as it has reduced lactose content.
4. Medication for treating high blood cholesterol levels should not be used for most people unless:
- A. The patient has at least three major risk factors for coronary heart disease
- B. The patient has been experiencing symptoms of coronary heart disease for at least three months
- C. The patient's medical insurance covers prescription drugs
- D. Treatment with Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) alone is unsuccessful after three months
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is choice D because medication for high cholesterol is typically not considered unless Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC), which include diet and exercise, have not proven effective after a three-month period. This approach ensures that lifestyle modifications are given a fair chance to lower cholesterol levels before resorting to medication. Choice A is incorrect because the number of risk factors for coronary heart disease does not dictate when to begin medication; it is about the effectiveness of lifestyle changes. Choice B is incorrect as the duration of coronary heart disease symptoms does not determine when to start medication; the focus is on the response to TLC. Choice C is incorrect because the coverage of prescription drugs by the patient's insurance does not influence the medical decision to use medication for high cholesterol; it is based on medical necessity and effectiveness of prior interventions.
5. What nutrition-related side effect is most likely to occur after head and neck surgery for cancer treatment?
- A. Aspiration
- B. Acid reflux
- C. Dumping syndrome
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most likely nutrition-related side effect after head and neck surgery for cancer treatment is aspiration. This is due to changes in swallowing mechanics, which can cause food or liquids to be inhaled into the lungs. While acid reflux, dumping syndrome, and diarrhea are potential side effects related to nutrition, they are not as directly connected to head and neck surgery. Acid reflux is more often related to issues with the lower esophageal sphincter, dumping syndrome is typically a complication of gastric surgery, and diarrhea can have various causes, including certain medications or gastrointestinal illnesses.