rectal temperatures are indicated in which situation

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children

1. Rectal temperatures are indicated in which situation?

A. In the newborn period
B. Whenever accuracy is essential
C. Rectal temperatures are never indicated
D. When rapid temperature changes are occurring

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rectal temperatures provide the most accurate measurement of core body temperature and are therefore indicated when accuracy is essential.

2. What is the primary treatment goal for a child with nephrotic syndrome?

A. Reduce proteinuria
B. Lower blood pressure
C. Increase urine output
D. Prevent infections

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reduce proteinuria. In nephrotic syndrome, the primary treatment goal is to reduce proteinuria to prevent further kidney damage. Lowering blood pressure (choice B) is important in managing some types of kidney disease but is not the primary treatment goal in nephrotic syndrome. Increasing urine output (choice C) and preventing infections (choice D) are important aspects of supportive care but are not the primary treatment goal for nephrotic syndrome.

3. What nursing consideration is most important when caring for a child with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

A. Children with ESRD usually adapt well to minor inconveniences of treatment.
B. Children with ESRD require extensive support until they outgrow the condition.
C. Multiple stresses are placed on children with ESRD and their families until the illness is cured.
D. Multiple stresses are placed on children with ESRD and their families because children's lives are maintained by drugs and artificial means.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: ESRD places significant stress on both the child and the family due to the ongoing need for dialysis, medications, and lifestyle restrictions, making it important for healthcare providers to offer extensive support and resources to manage these challenges.

4. What is the primary goal in the treatment of a child with nephrotic syndrome?

A. Decrease urine output
B. Increase serum albumin
C. Reduce proteinuria
D. Increase blood pressure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal in treating nephrotic syndrome in children is to reduce proteinuria. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, leading to hypoalbuminemia and edema. By reducing proteinuria, kidney damage can be minimized, and symptoms can be managed effectively. Decreasing urine output (Choice A) is not the primary goal, as it does not address the underlying issue of protein loss. Increasing serum albumin (Choice B) is a consequence of reducing proteinuria rather than the primary goal. Increasing blood pressure (Choice D) is not a goal in treating nephrotic syndrome and may even be contraindicated to prevent further kidney damage.

5. The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

A. We will wash our hands often, especially after diaper changes
B. We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person
C. We will be sure to continue the nitazoxanide (Alinia) orally for 3 days
D. We will bring a stool sample to the clinic for examination in 2 weeks

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Roundworm (ascariasis) is typically transmitted through ingestion of contaminated soil, not directly from person to person. This statement indicates a misunderstanding requiring clarification.