ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. One of the most critical needs of the infant is control of body temperature. The nurse caring for a newborn warms all equipment that comes in direct contact with the newborn to help prevent which type of heat loss?
- A. Convection
- B. Evaporation
- C. Conduction
- D. Radiation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Conduction (choice C). Conduction heat loss occurs when the newborn’s skin comes into direct contact with a cooler surface, so warming equipment helps prevent this. Choice A, Convection, is the transfer of heat through air or water currents, not direct contact. Choice B, Evaporation, is the loss of heat through moisture on the skin evaporating, not direct contact. Choice D, Radiation, is the transfer of heat in the form of waves or particles, not direct contact.
2. The nurse is testing an infant's visual acuity. By which age should the infant be able to fix on and follow a target?
- A. 1 month
- B. 1 to 2 months
- C. 3 to 4 months
- D. 6 months
Correct answer: C
Rationale: By 3 to 4 months of age, an infant should be able to fix on and follow a target, indicating proper visual development.
3. The nurse is caring for a child with an order of Ampicillin 250 mg IV in 30 mL of Normal Saline to infuse over 30 minutes. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the pump?
- A. 60
- B. 30
- C. 120
- D. 15
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct setting for the infusion pump should be 60 mL/hour to deliver 30 mL in 30 minutes. To calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour, divide the total volume to be infused (30 mL) by the total time for infusion (30 minutes) and then multiply by 60 to convert minutes to hours. Therefore, 30 mL / 30 minutes * 60 minutes/hour = 60 mL/hour. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not match the calculation based on the given parameters.
4. The nurse is teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant about administering liquid iron preparation. Which information should be included in the teaching?
- A. Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry, black color.
- B. Give Vitamin D to enhance absorption.
- C. Allow the liquid iron to mix with saliva before swallowing.
- D. Give the liquid iron with meals.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Iron supplements can cause stools to turn black, which is a normal and harmless side effect. Iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, although it can be given with food if gastrointestinal upset occurs. Vitamin C, not D, enhances iron absorption. Choice B is incorrect because Vitamin C enhances iron absorption, not Vitamin D. Choice C is incorrect as there is no need to mix liquid iron with saliva before swallowing. Choice D is incorrect because iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach.
5. The parent of a 3-month-old infant is concerned because the infant is not able to sit independently. How should the nurse respond to this parent's concern?
- A. Sitting ability and the age of first tooth eruption are not correlated.
- B. Most infants sit steadily at 4 months.
- C. Most infants sit steadily at 3 months.
- D. Most infants do not sit steadily until 6-8 months.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because sitting steadily typically occurs closer to 6-8 months of age, not 3 or 4 months. Choice A is incorrect because sitting ability and the age of first tooth eruption are not related. Choice B and C are incorrect as most infants do not sit steadily at 3 or 4 months, and it is more common for infants to achieve this milestone around 6-8 months.