ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. A mother delivers an infant at 30 weeks gestation and asks if formula is better than breast milk since the baby is premature. What should the nurse respond?
- A. Human milk is preferred over other types of nutrition
- B. Human milk lacks essential nutrients for preterm infants
- C. Commercial infant formulas are preferred for preterm infants
- D. Commercial formulas have not been designed to meet preterm infants' needs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Human milk is preferred, even for preterm infants, because it contains essential nutrients and antibodies that are particularly beneficial for their growth and development. Choice B is incorrect because human milk is rich in essential nutrients necessary for preterm infants. Choice C is incorrect as commercial infant formulas do not provide the same benefits as human milk. Choice D is incorrect as specialized formulas are available to meet the unique nutritional needs of preterm infants, but human milk remains the optimal choice.
2. A client with chronic kidney disease is being taught by a nurse about managing protein intake. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should increase your intake of high-protein foods.
- B. You should limit your intake of high-protein foods.
- C. You should avoid all protein sources to prevent further kidney damage.
- D. You should increase your intake of animal protein.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should limit your intake of high-protein foods.' Clients with chronic kidney disease should restrict their intake of high-protein foods to lessen the workload on the kidneys and prevent further kidney damage. Option A is incorrect as increasing intake of high-protein foods can exacerbate the condition. Option C is incorrect as avoiding all protein sources is not advisable, as some proteins are essential for overall health. Option D is incorrect as increasing the intake of animal protein can put more strain on the kidneys due to the metabolites produced during protein breakdown.
3. The nurse notes that a healthcare provider has prescribed a higher than normal dose of medication. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Administer the prescribed dose
- B. Ask another nurse to verify the dose
- C. Administer half of the dose
- D. Contact the healthcare provider to clarify the prescription
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a healthcare provider prescribes a dose that is higher than normal, it is crucial for the nurse to contact the provider to clarify the prescription. Administering the prescribed dose without clarification can lead to potential harm to the patient due to the elevated dosage. Asking another nurse to verify the dose may not provide the necessary clarification from the prescriber. Administering only half of the prescribed dose without consulting the healthcare provider is not the appropriate action, as the full rationale behind the higher dose needs to be understood before any administration.
4. The nurse is planning to provide education about foods containing thiamine to a group of clients. Which food high in thiamine should the nurse include?
- A. Fish
- B. Pork
- C. Beef
- D. Eggs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pork. Pork is high in thiamine, which is important for preventing thiamine deficiency. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system and metabolism. While fish, beef, and eggs are nutritious foods, they are not as high in thiamine as pork. Fish is more commonly known for its omega-3 fatty acids, beef for its iron content, and eggs for being a good source of protein and other nutrients.
5. Before administering lithium to a client with bipolar disorder who has been taking the medication for 1 year, the nurse should check to see that which of the following tests has been completed?
- A. Thyroid hormone assay
- B. Liver function tests
- C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- D. Brain natriuretic peptide
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to check the thyroid hormone assay. Long-term lithium use can result in thyroid dysfunction, making it crucial to monitor the client's thyroid function regularly to detect any abnormalities early and prevent potential complications. Liver function tests (choice B) are not specifically associated with lithium therapy. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (choice C) is a nonspecific test for inflammation and not directly related to lithium therapy. Brain natriuretic peptide (choice D) is a test used to diagnose heart failure and is not relevant to monitoring lithium therapy.