Nursing Elites

1. A mother delivers an infant at 30 weeks gestation and asks if formula is better than breast milk since the baby is premature. What should the nurse respond?

• A. Human milk is preferred over other types of nutrition
• B. Human milk lacks essential nutrients for preterm infants
• C. Commercial infant formulas are preferred for preterm infants
• D. Commercial formulas have not been designed to meet preterm infants' needs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Human milk is preferred, even for preterm infants, because it contains essential nutrients and antibodies that are particularly beneficial for their growth and development. Choice B is incorrect because human milk is rich in essential nutrients necessary for preterm infants. Choice C is incorrect as commercial infant formulas do not provide the same benefits as human milk. Choice D is incorrect as specialized formulas are available to meet the unique nutritional needs of preterm infants, but human milk remains the optimal choice.

2. The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

• A. 2 to 4 years
• B. 5 to 7 years
• C. 8 to 10 years
• D. 11 to 13 years

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The peak age for the onset of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is typically between 5 and 7 years old. This age group is most affected due to the higher incidence of streptococcal infections in school-aged children, which can lead to this renal complication.

3. The clinic nurse is assessing a child with a heavy ascariasis lumbricoides (common roundworm) infection. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect?

• A. Anemia
• B. Anorexia
• C. All are applicable
• D. Intestinal colic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A heavy roundworm infection can cause anemia, anorexia, irritability, and an enlarged abdomen due to the worms’ effects on nutrient absorption and intestinal function.

4. What is the number one leading cause of death in children over 1 year of age?

• A. Congenital anomalies
• B. Homicide
• C. Suicide
• D. Accidents

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Accidents, such as motor vehicle accidents, drowning, and falls, are the primary cause of death in children over 1 year of age. While congenital anomalies can be a significant cause of mortality in infants, they are less common in older children. Homicide and suicide are serious issues but are not as prevalent as accidents in causing death among children over 1 year of age.

5. The parent of an infant with colic tells the nurse, "All this baby does is scream at me; it is a constant worry." What is the nurse's best action?

• A. Encourage the parent to verbalize feelings.
• B. Encourage the parent not to worry so much.
• C. Assess the parent for other signs of inadequate parenting.
• D. Reassure the parent that colic rarely lasts past age 9 months.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the parent to express their feelings is crucial in providing support and addressing the emotional challenges that colic can present. Reassuring the parent about the temporary nature of colic can also be helpful.

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