ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. Myxedema coma is a life-threatening complication of long-standing and untreated hypothyroidism with one of the following characteristics.
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Hypothermia
- C. Hyperthermia
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Myxedema coma is associated with hypothermia, not hyperthermia. Therefore, the correct characteristic of myxedema coma is hypothermia. This condition is a medical emergency that requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent serious complications. The presence of hyperglycemia is not a defining characteristic of myxedema coma, making choice A the correct answer in this case. Hyperthermia and hypoglycemia are not typically seen in myxedema coma and are not consistent with the clinical presentation of this condition.
2. In the management process, the periodic checking of the results of action to make sure that it coincides with the goal of the institution is termed as:
- A. Planning
- B. Evaluating
- C. Directing
- D. Organizing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Evaluating. Evaluating involves the periodic checking of results to ensure they align with the institution's goals. Planning (choice A) is about setting goals and determining the actions required to achieve them. Directing (choice C) involves overseeing and guiding the activities of individuals or teams to accomplish goals. Organizing (choice D) is about arranging resources and tasks to achieve objectives. In the context of the management process described, evaluating best fits the action of checking results against goals.
3. Which of the following is a form of primary prevention?
- A. Regular Check-ups
- B. Regular Screening
- C. Self-Medication
- D. Immunization
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Immunization.' Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs by preventing exposure to risk factors. Immunization is a classic example of primary prevention as it helps prevent the development of infectious diseases. Choice A, 'Regular Check-ups,' is more related to secondary prevention by detecting diseases early. Choice B, 'Regular Screening,' is also more aligned with secondary prevention as it involves early detection of diseases. Choice C, 'Self-Medication,' is not a form of primary prevention but rather a risky practice that can lead to adverse outcomes.
4. How is the equalization of solute concentration of intracellular fluids (ICFs) and extracellular fluids (ECFs accomplished?
- A. Semipermeable membranes.
- B. Hydration.
- C. Osmotic pressure.
- D. Perspiration.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure within the body equalizes the solute concentration of ICFs and ECFs by shifting small amounts of water in the direction of higher concentration solute. Semipermeable membranes separate one fluid compartment from another and do not directly equalize solute concentrations. Hydration and perspiration are important elements of fluid balance but do not directly achieve the equalization of solute concentrations between ICFs and ECFs, which is primarily regulated by osmotic pressure.
5. What best describes a task of the registered dietitian?
- A. administering total parenteral nutrition
- B. administering formula through feeding tubes
- C. prescribing diet orders
- D. conducting nutrition assessments
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, conducting nutrition assessments. Registered dietitians are responsible for assessing an individual's nutritional status, dietary intake, and health needs. This assessment forms the basis for developing personalized nutrition care plans. Choices A and B involve the administration of specialized nutrition support, which is typically done by healthcare providers with specific training in those areas. Choice C, prescribing diet orders, may fall outside the scope of practice for a dietitian as they focus more on assessment, education, and counseling related to nutrition rather than prescribing medical treatments.